Trailing-Edge
-
PDP-10 Archives
-
tops10v704_doca
-
10,7/docupd/util.mem
There are 2 other files named util.mem in the archive. Click here to see a list.
TOPS-10 User Utilities Manual
| Electronically Distributed
|
|
|
| This manual contains descriptions of the TOPS-10
| utilities, their formats, and their usage. This
| manual supercedes the TOPS-10 User Utilities
| Manual published in July, 1986. The order number
| for that manual, AA-0998B-TB, is obsolete.
Operating System: TOPS-10 Version 7.04
Software: DECnet-10 Version 4.0
GALAXY Version 5.1
digital equipment corporation maynard, massachusetts
| TOPS-10 Software Update Tape No. 02, June 1990
First Printing, March 1975
Revised, June 1986
| Revised, June 1990
The information in this document is subject to change without notice
and should not be construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment
Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility
for any errors that may appear in this document.
The software described in this document is furnished under a license
and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such
license.
No responsibility is assumed for the use or reliability of software on
equipment that is not supplied by Digital Equipment Corporation or its
affiliated companies.
| Copyright C 1975, 1986, 1990 Digital Equipment Corporation.
All Rights Reserved.
The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation:
CI DECtape LA50 SITGO-10
DDCMP DECUS LN01 TOPS-10
DEC DECwriter LN03 TOPS-20
DECmail DELNI MASSBUS TOPS-20AN
DECnet DELUA PDP UNIBUS
DECnet-VAX HSC PDP-11/24 UETP
DECserver HSC-50 PrintServer VAX
DECserver 100 KA10 PrintServer 40 VAX/VMS
DECserver 200 KI Q-bus VT50
DECsystem-10 KL10 ReGIS
DECSYSTEM-20 KS10 RSX d i g i t a l
CONTENTS
PREFACE
CHAPTER 1 SAVING AND RESTORING FILES USING BACKUP
CHAPTER 2 CREATING DIRECTORIES AND SUB-FILE DIRECTORIES USING
CREDIR
CHAPTER 3 GETTING CROSS-REFERENCE LISTINGS USING CREF
CHAPTER 4 COMPARING FILES USING FILCOM
CHAPTER 5 LISTING GLOBAL SYMBOLS USING GLOB
CHAPTER 6 NETWORK FILE TRANSFER USING NFT
CHAPTER 7 CONTROLLING SUBJOBS USING OPSER
CHAPTER 8 LOCAL FILE TRANSFER USING PIP
CHAPTER 9 LISTING DISK QUOTAS USING QUOLST
CHAPTER 10 FORMATTING TEXT FILES USING RUNOFF
CHAPTER 11 SETTING SEARCH LISTS USING SETSRC
CHAPTER 12 DISPLAYING SYSTEM STATISTICS USING SYSDPY
INDEX
PREFACE
This manual describes the user utilities available with TOPS-10. The
program descriptions are arranged alphabetically.
Before you read this manual, you should be familiar with TOPS-10
command usage, file specifications, and terminology. If you need to
refer to any of the elements of the TOPS-10 command environment, read
Chapter 1 of the TOPS-10 Operating System Commands Manual. Before you
attempt to use the programs described in this User Utilities Manual,
you must be familiar with the following concepts:
o monitor and user levels
o special control characters
o switches and arguments
o file specifications
o device names
o wildcard constructions
o search lists and directory paths
iv
CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS MANUAL
The following conventions are used in this manual:
Convention Meaning
addr Program or location address.
arg An argument to a command.
core Referring to main (processor) memory.
CTRL/x A control character.
date A date in the form of two digits for the day, three
letters for the month, and two digits for the year.
(For example, 22-AUG-86 represents August 22, 1986.)
date-time The date and time in the standard format. For example,
13-SEP-86:13:00:00 represents September 13, 1986 at one
p.m..
density The density of a magnetic tape.
dev: Any logical or physical device name. (You must include
device-name a colon (:) when a device name is part of a
devnn file specification.)
devnnu
devu
[directory] A directory name. This can be either a UFD or an SFD.
[dir]
expression A numeric expression.
file.ext A file name and a file extension, separated by a
period.
file name A name of a file.
file-spec A file specification written in the format:
dev:file.ext[directory].
fs File structure.
hh:mm:ss The time of day using a 24-hour clock, where hh is
hours, mm is minutes, and ss is seconds.
id An identifier.
job A job number.
v
jobname The name of the job.
letter An alphabetic character.
line-number Referring to the number of the line.
list A list of arguments.
logical-name A logical device name, chosen by the user.
log-name
log
memory The decimal number of memory words measured in K or P.
(1K is equal to 1024 words; 1P (page) is equal to 512
words.)
MFD A master file directory.
<nnn> A protection code.
nnnn A tape density.
n A decimal number, such as a unit number.
^name^ A DECtape identifier.
nodelist A list of all the systems in a network environment.
PPN A project-programmer number.
program A program name.
proj,prog A project-programmer number.
[proj,prog] The name of a user-file directory.
SFD A sub-file directory .
spec A specification of a file.
str A file structure name.
/switch A command line modifier.
time Referring to a time of day.
UFD A user-file directory.
v Version number.
x A numeric or text variable.
vi
$ The symbol printed on your terminal when you press the
ESCape (or ALTmode) key.
^x A character that is printed when you press the CONTROL
key while you type a character key. (For example,
typing a CTRL/C prints ^C at your terminal.)
<CTRL/x> Indicates that you should press the CONTROL key at the
same time as the key indicated here by "x".
<DEL> Indicates when you should press the DELETE or RUBOUT
key.
<RET> Indicates when you should press the RETURN key.
<ESC> Indicates when you should press the ESCape (or ALTmode)
key.
All examples, commands, switches, values, and arguments are shown in
uppercase. This is for the sake of distinction. Examples are shown
as they would appear on a terminal that does not have lowercase
ability.
7
1-1
CHAPTER 1
SAVING AND RESTORING FILES USING BACKUP
Function
The BACKUP program saves disk files on magnetic tape and places all or
some of these files back onto the disk. You can save your disk area
on magnetic tape and restore all of your files or a subset of your
files back to your area. You can also use this program to move your
files from one system to another. Please refer to the TOPS-10
Operator's Guide for detailed information about the BACKUP program.
Format
R BACKUP
/command
where: command is one of the BACKUP commands, which are in verb form.
BACKUP prompts with a slash (/), after which you respond with
one of three command types:
o Action command
o Status-setting command
o Tape-positioning command
Action Commands
Action commands perform I/O on the tape specified in the last TAPE
command. You must specify a tape using the TAPE command before you
use an action command. TAPE is described under the status-setting
commands for BACKUP.
SAVE file-spec Saves the specified disk files on tape.
RESTORE file-spec Restores the specified tape files to
1-1
SAVING AND RESTORING FILES USING BACKUP
disk.
CHECK file-spec Verifies that the tape and the disk
files are the same.
| [N]PRINT file-spec Prints a directory of the entire tape
| specified by file-spec. N is an
| optional prefix meaning narrow. PRINT
| produces the effect of a NODIRECTORIES
| command; that is, no user directories
| are printed.
The file-spec arguments are optional. File specifications may have
wildcards. You can specify input and output files in the form
output=input, or you can specify input alone. Use commas to separate
file-spec entries in a list.
If you do not supply an argument with an action command, BACKUP
defaults to a file-spec as follows:
o For anyone logged-in under [1,2], the default file spec is
ALL:*.* [*,*,*,*,*,*,*]. This specifies all files on all
UFDs, and all SFDs of all file structures, with no renaming.
o For all other users, the default file spec is ALL:*.*
[PPN,*,*,*,*,*] where PPN is the user's PPN. This specifies
all files in the user's areas should be saved with a disk
structure specified, and restored to the appropriate
structure.
Action Command Switches
You can use the following switches in the file specification list for
the action commands. These switches can be either permanent or
temporary. Input files are those being transferred from disk to tape.
Output files are those being transferred from tape to disk.
/ABEFORE date On input file, includes only files
accessed before the specified date.
/ASINCE date On input file, includes only files
accessed since the specified date.
/BEFORE date-time On input file, includes only files
created before the specified date-time.
/ERNONE On input file, gives an error if no
files match.
/ERPROTECTION On input file, gives an error if there
is a protection failure.
1-2
SAVING AND RESTORING FILES USING BACKUP
/ERSUPERSEDE On output file, does not restore a file
from tape if it already exists on disk.
/ESTIMATE n On output file, estimates output size
(n).
/LENGTH low:high On input file, includes the file only if
file length is between low (minimum file
size) and high (maximum file size).
/MBEFORE nD:hh:mm:ss On input file, includes only files
modified before date-time. nD
represents the number of days.
/MSINCE nD:hh:mm:ss On input file, includes only files
modified since date-time. nD represents
the number of days.
/OKNONE On input file, does not give an error if
no files match your file specification.
/OKPROTECTION On input file, does not give an error if
there is a protection failure.
/OKSUPERSEDE On output file, always restores the
file, even if the file is already on
disk.
|
| /[NO]PHYSICAL On input or output file, ignores any
| logical names.
/PROTECTION nnn On output file, sets the protection
code.
/SINCE date-time On input file, includes only those files
created since the specified date-time.
/STRS On input file, examines all structures
for the file.
/VERSION v On output file, sets the version number
of the file.
Runtime Commands
You can issue the following runtime commands during the execution of
any action commands. BACKUP prompts with an exclamation point (!)
when ready to accept a runtime command.
[NO]DIRECTORIES Prints every directory processed.
EXIT Exits from BACKUP when done.
1-3
SAVING AND RESTORING FILES USING BACKUP
[NO]FILES Prints every file and directory
processed.
GO Continues after a STOP.
HELP Lists BACKUP commands and explanations.
KILL Aborts execution of the current action
verb.
PAUSE Does not exit from BACKUP when done.
RESET Resets all status settings to their
original defaults when done.
SILENCE Stops printing every directory or file.
STOP Stops action temporarily; can be
continued by GO.
WHAT Displays current file name and status.
Status-Setting Commands
Status-setting commands specify one or more parameters that affect
future action commands.
ABEFORE date Includes only files accessed before the
specified date.
[NO]APPEND Appends to the existing list file.
ASINCE date Includes only the files accessed since
the specified date.
BEFORE date-time Includes only the files created and
modified before the specified date-time.
|
| BLOCKINGFACTOR n Sets the number of disk blocks per tape
| block read or written on tape. The
| default value is 4 for comptability with
| tapes written by BACKUP without blocking
| factor capability. The specified value
| must be in the range of 4 to 96, and
| must be a multiple of 4 disk blocks.
| Due to KS20 UNIBUS adapter limitations,
| the maximum blocking factor on a KS10 is
| 56.
|
| Tape blocking is writing a tape block
| that contains more than one disk block.
1-4
SAVING AND RESTORING FILES USING BACKUP
| Older versions of BACKUP (version prior
| to %6(700)) may be said to use a
| blocking factor of 4, because they write
| 4 disk blocks per tape block. Higher
| blocking factors permit BACKUP to fit
| more information in less space. The
| higher the blocking factor specified,
| the smaller the amount of space between
| tape blocks.
[NO]CPOINT Uses checkpoints.
[NO]DATE75 Always accepts files with possible
DATE75 problems.
[NO]DELETE Deletes disk files after saving them.
DENSITY nnnn Sets the tape density. The density,
expressed in bits per inch (bpi), can be
200, 556, 800, 1600, or 6250.
[NO]DIRECTORIES Prints each user's directory while
running.
[NO]ENCRYPT Encrypts (codes) the files. This makes
the files impossible to read without the
keyword.
ERRMAX n Set maximum number of recoverable tape
errors. Default is 100.
[NO]EXEMPT Exempts project-programmer numbers of
the form [A,*] and [*,B], where A and B
are less than 7, from date, time, and
length restrictions.
[NO]FILES Prints each file name while running.
INITIAL file Starts processing at the specified file.
[NO]INTERCHANGE Runs in interchange mode. Interchange
is used to copy files from one
installation to another with no
directory dependencies. Interchange
mode forces a blocking factor of 4 for
compatability with other programs such
as TOPS-20 DUMPER.
LENGTH low:high Includes only files whose length is
between low (minimum file size) and high
(maximum file size).
1-5
SAVING AND RESTORING FILES USING BACKUP
[NO]LIST file-spec While running, creates a listing file on
file-spec. LIST produces the effect of
a NODIRECTORIES command; that is, no
user directories will be printed.
MBEFORE date-time Includes only files that were moved or
modified before the specified time.
MESSAGE [NO]PREFIX Suppresses the error message prefix.
MESSAGE [NO]FIRST Suppresses the first line of the error
message text.
MSINCE date-time Includes only files that have been moved
or modified since the specified time.
[NO]MULTIREEL Allows multiple reels during a save.
| [NO]NFS Does not save files that have the RP.NFS
| RIB status bit set.
OPTION name Uses line BACKUP:name from a SWITCH.INI
file.
PARITY (even,odd) Sets the tape parity.
[NO]REPEAT Repeats a split file on the continuation
tape.
RESUME n Sets a checkpoint block number where
processing resumes after a crash that
occurred during a checkpointed SAVE or
RESTORE.
| [NO]SDELETE Deletes a file without respect to its
| protection code, if the user has
| sufficient privilege to rename the file
| to a lower protection code.
SILENCE Does not print file names or directories
while running.
SINCE date-time Includes only those files created or
modified since the specified date-time.
SORT DIRECTORIES x Sorts directories within each file
structure in order of x when saving. x
is ALPHABETICAL, LOCATION, or NONE.
SORT FILES x Sorts files within each directory in the
order of x. x is ALPHABETICAL,
LOCATION, or NONE.
1-6
SAVING AND RESTORING FILES USING BACKUP
SSNAME name Specifies the saveset name. Use ALL to
include all savesets.
SUPERSEDE ALWAYS Restores all files from tape,
superseding files on disk that have the
same file name.
SUPERSEDE NEVER Does not restore files that have the
same name as an existing file.
SUPERSEDE OLDER Restores only the files that are newer
than the files on disk of the same name.
TAPE MTxn: Uses tape unit MTxn:. If a magnetic
tape drive has the logical name BACKUP,
then the TAPE verb need not be
specified.
TPNUM x Sets the number of the tape to x
(decimal).
| [NO]UNIQUE Generates unique extension numbers in
| the range 000 to 999 if the file being
| restored from tape already exists on
| disk. Enabling this feature implies
| /ERSUPERSEDE.
UPROTECTION nnn Sets the protection code for the created
directories.
| [NO]USAGE Enables USAGE accounting. When USAGE is
| enabled, BACKUP writes accounting
| records to the system ACTDAE, for every
| directory in a save operation. You must
| have [1,2] privileges to enable or
| disable accounting
|
| [NO]USETI Runs in USETI mode.
[NO]WRITE Writes onto disk during a RESTORE. This
is the default action.
Tape-Positioning Commands
Use these commands before action commands or after action commands are
finished processing.
EOT volid-list Skips to the end-of-tape mark for each
tape in the list. The volid-list is a
list of the volume-identifications of
each tape.
1-7
SAVING AND RESTORING FILES USING BACKUP
REWIND volid-list Rewinds to the beginning of the tape for
each tape in the list.
SKIP n volid-list Skips the specified number of savesets
forward for each tape in the list.
SKIP 0 volid-list Backs up to the start of the current
saveset for each tape in the list.
SKIP -n volid-list Skips the specified number of savesets
backward for each tape in the list.
UNLOAD volid-list Unloads each tape in the list from its
drive.
Characteristics
The BACKUP program:
Places your terminal at user level.
Destroys your core image.
Examples
1. To save the entire contents of DSKB: on magnetic tape and at
the same time produce a directory listing, run BACKUP while
logged in under [1,2].
.R BACKUP<RET>
/TAPE MTA0<RET>
/LIST DSK:BACKUP.LOG<RET>
/SAVE DSKB:<RET>
!1,2 DSKB
1,3
1,4
.
.
.
.
BACKUP prints each UFD as it begins to save files from that
area. If the tape becomes full before the save is complete,
BACKUP stops, types out the full file specification and block
number of the current file being saved, unloads the magnetic
tape and prints the following message:
$BKPEOT REACHED EOT -- MOUNT NEW TAPE THEN TYPE "GO"
When you type GO, BACKUP continues the save on the new tape.
1-8
SAVING AND RESTORING FILES USING BACKUP
A file can be split across tapes.
2. Copy the file FILE.MAC from tape to disk.
.R BACKUP<RET>
/TAPE MTB0<RET>
/REWIND<RET>
/RESTORE FILEB.MAC=FILEA.MAC<RET>
!10,123 DSKB
DONE
/UNLOAD<RET>
/^C
.
1-9
2-1
CHAPTER 2
CREATING DIRECTORIES AND SUB-FILE DIRECTORIES USING CREDIR
Function
The CREDIR program creates directories and sub-file directories.
CREDIR creates sub-file directories (SFDs) on any specified
structures, and it automatically creates any necessary higher-level
directories. If you do not specify a structure, CREDIR creates the
SFD on every structure in your search list.
You can use CREDIR to create ersatz device directories. CREDIR allows
you to create directories on all structures associated with a
specified ersatz device. As it creates each directory, CREDIR tells
you the name of the unit and the protection code associated with the
directory.
Format
R CREDIR
Create directory: dev:[dir]/switch
where: dev:[dir] is the device name and the directory specification.
You can specify an ersatz device name. /switch can be any of
the switches listed below.
By default, CREDIR creates the directory on device DSK:. The system
assigns the default protection code defined by the system manager. If
no code was defined, <775> is the default.
You can use the following switches to modify the CREDIR program:
/ALLOCATE:nnnn Specifies the number of blocks allocated
for the SFD.
/ERNONE Prints an error message if there are no
files in the request.
/ERPROTECTION Prints an error message if the request
2-1
CREATING DIRECTORIES AND SUB-FILE DIRECTORIES USING CREDIR
fails due to a protection code
violation.
/HELP:arg Prints the HELP text for the CREDIR
program. You can specify S as the
argument to get a list of the switches
to the program.
/IN:nnnn Specifies the logged-in quota.
/NAME:name Specifies a mnemonic name for the
directory.
/NOOPTION Suppresses processing of the defaults
from your SWITCH.INI file.
/OKNONE Does not print an error message if there
are no files that match a wildcard
specification.
/OKPROTECTION Does not print an error message if the
SFD cannot be accessed because of a file
protection violation.
/OPTION:name Uses any lines in your SWITCH.INI file
that are specified as CREDIR:name.
/OUT:nnnn Specifies the logged-out quota for the
SFD.
/PHYSICAL Specifies that the device name is
physical, and to ignore logical names.
/PROTECTION:nnn Gives the SFD the protection you specify
in nnn.
/RUN:file-spec Runs the program you specified when
CREDIR has finished running.
/RUNCOR:n Runs the program you specified with /RUN
in nK of memory when CREDIR has finished
running.
/RUNOFFSET:n Runs the program you specified with /RUN
with an offset of n. If you omit the
switch, the default is 0. If you
specify the switch, but omit a value for
n, the default is 1. If the offset is
1, the file uses an indirect command
file.
/STRS Searches for the SFD in all structures
2-2
CREATING DIRECTORIES AND SUB-FILE DIRECTORIES USING CREDIR
in your job's search list, and uses
every occurrence.
Characteristics
The CREDIR program:
Destroys your core image.
Requires LOGIN.
Places your terminal at user level.
Examples
1. The following example shows the creation and use of an SFD
and directory paths.
Show a list of all the files in your UFD with a file
extension .TST.
.DIRECT *.TST<RET>
NUMB TST 0 <055> dd-mmm-yy DSKC: [27,5434]
109 TST 5 <055> dd-mmm-yy
FILL TST 1 <055> dd-mmm-yy
PAY3 TST 1 <055> dd-mmm-yy
TOTAL OF 7 BLOCKS IN 4 FILES ON DSKC: [27,5434]
Run the CREDIR program. Create a sub-file directory called
TEST. Use the /EXIT switch to exit from CREDIR.
.R CREDIR<RET>
Create directory: [27,5434,TEST]<RET>
CREATED DSKC:[27,5434,TEST].SFD/PROTECTION:775
Create directory: /EXIT
Request a list of all your files named TEST.
.DIR TEST.*<RET>
TEST FOR 1 <055> dd-mmm-yy DSKC: [27,5434]
TEST SFD 1 <775> dd-mmm-yy
TOTAL OF 2 BLOCKS IN 2 FILES ON DSKC: [27,5434]
The directory shows an SFD named TEST.
Use RENAME to transfer all files with the extension .TST from
your UFD to your SFD.
2-3
CREATING DIRECTORIES AND SUB-FILE DIRECTORIES USING CREDIR
.RENAME [27,5434,TEST]=*.TST<RET>
FILES RENAMED:
DSKC:NUMB.TST
DSKC:109.TST
DSKC:FILL.TST
DSKC:PAY3.TST
Show that your UFD no longer contains the files with the
extension .TST.
.DIR *.TST<RET>
%WLDNSF No such files as DSKC:*.TST[27,5434]
Show that the files have been transferred to the SFD
[27,5434,TEST].
.DIR [27,5434,TEST]<RET>
NUMB TST 0 <055> dd-mmm-yy DSKC:[27,5434,TEST]
109 TST 5 <055> dd-mmm-yy
FILL TST 1 <055> dd-mmm-yy
PAY3 TST 1 <055> dd-mmm-yy
TOTAL OF 7 BLOCKS IN 4 FILES ON DSKC: [27,5434,TEST]
2. The following example shows the use of CREDIR with the SCAN
switch /PROTECTION.
.R CREDIR<RET>
Create directory: DSKB:[,,A,B,C]/PROTECTION:755<RET>
CREATED DSKB:[27,4072,A].SFD/PROTECTION:755
CREATED DSKB:[27,4072,A,B].SFD/PROTECTION:755
CREATED DSKB:[27,4072,A,B,C].SFD/PROTECTION:755
Create directory: /EXIT
.
2-4
CHAPTER 3
GETTING CROSS-REFERENCE LISTINGS USING CREF
Function
The CREF program produces a sequentially numbered assembly listing of
a program, and one or more of the following tables:
o Cross reference table for all operands, such as labels and
assignments
o Cross reference table for all user-defined operators, such as
macro calls and OPDEFs
o Cross reference table for all op codes and pseudo-ops. You
must specify the /O switch to produce this table.
The cross-reference files are printed on the line printer if you have
generated such files using the /CREF switch with a COMPILE, LOAD,
DEBUG, or EXECUTE command. The file containing the names of these
CREF files is then deleted so that subsequent CREF commands will not
process them again.
When the logical device name LPT: is assigned to a device other than
the line printer, the CREF files are stored on that device with the
same file name and the extension .LST. If output to the line printer
is not currently spooled, you must set spooling before running CREF
(see the SET SPOOL command in the TOPS-10 Operating System Commands
Manual).
Formats
R CREF/switch
* file spec
CREF file-spec/switch
where: file-spec is a valid file specification. When you supply a
file specification, CREF produces a cross-referenced listing
3-1
GETTING CROSS-REFERENCE LISTINGS USING CREF
file for the specified file. If you do not give an argument
to the command, CREF uses the argument saved from a previous
COMPILE-class command. CREF prompts with an asterisk (*) when
you use the R CREF command or if there is no stored argument.
/switch is one or more of the following switches:
/A Advances magtape by one file (may be repeated).
/B Backspaces magtape by one file (may be repeated).
/C Cancels SWITCH.INI switch defaulting.
/D Permits default switches you specified in your
SWITCH.INI file.
/H Types the HELP text for CREF.
/K Does not list user-defined symbol tables.
/M Suppresses user macros, OPDEFs, and symbol table.
/O Lists the opcodes.
/P Preserves (does not delete) input files.
/R Restarts listing and prompts for line number.
/S Suppresses program listing and lists only symbol
tables.
/W Rewinds tape.
/Z Deletes the current contents of the DECtape directory.
Characteristics
The CREF program:
Leaves your terminal at monitor level.
Destroys your core image.
Requires LOGIN.
Examples
1. Compile the files contained in the command file PROMAC and
produce CREF listing files on the disk.
.COMPILE/CREF@PROMAC<RET>
3-2
GETTING CROSS-REFERENCE LISTINGS USING CREF
FORTRAN: INPUT1
MAIN.
FORTRAN: INPUT2
MAIN.
Process and list the cross-referenced listing files produced
by the COMPILE command. The argument is the stored argument
that was used in the COMPILE command.
.SET SPOOL LPT<RET>
.CREF<RET>
CREF:INPUT1
CREF:INPUT2
.
2. Compile and load the files contained in the command file
CONALL. Produce a loader map with the file name NAME and
CREF files on disk.
.LOAD/CREF/MAP:NAME@CONALL<RET>
MACRO: HIGH
MACRO: SHARE
EXIT
Assign the logical name LPT to magnetic tape unit 1. Store
the CREF files on MTA1: to be output at a later time.
.ASSIGN MTA1 LPT<RET>
MTA261 ASSIGNED
.CREF<RET>
CREF: HIGH
CREF: SHARE
.
3-3
4-1
CHAPTER 4
COMPARING FILES USING FILCOM
Function
The FILCOM program compares two files and displays any differences.
Generally, this comparison is line-by-line for ASCII files and
word-by-word for binary files. FILCOM determines the type of
comparison to use by examining either the switches specified in the
command string or the extensions of the files. Switches always take
precedence over file extensions.
Format
R FILCOM
*output-file-spec=input-file-spec,input-file-spec/switch
where: * is the FILCOM prompt, file-spec is a valid file
specification, output-file-spec specifies the name and area on
which the results should be stored, and input-file-spec is a
list of the files to be compared.
The FILCOM program takes the following defaults if you omit some of
the above information:
o If you omit the output specification, the output device is
assumed to be TTY:. If you omit the output file
specification, you must still type the equal sign.
o If you specify only the output file name, the default output
device is DSK:.
o If you omit the output file name, the second input file name
is used, unless it is null. In this case, the file name
FILCOM is used.
o If you omit the output file extension, .SCM is used on a
source compare and .BCM is used on a binary compare.
4-1
COMPARING FILES USING FILCOM
o If you omit the [directory] in either the input or output
file specifications, your default directory is assumed.
o If you omit an input device name, it is assumed to be DSK:.
o If you omit the file name of the second input file, it is
taken from the first input file.
o You must place a dot following the file name of the second
input file to explicitly indicate a null extension if the
extension of the first input file is not null. For example,
to compare FILE.MAC and FILE. (that is, with null
extension), use the following command string:
R FILCOM<RET>
*=FILE.MAC,FILE.
o The second input file specification cannot be null unless a
binary compare is being performed. In a binary compare, if
the first input file is not followed by a comma and a second
input file descriptor, the input file is compared to a zero
file and is output in its entirety. This gives you a method
of listing a binary file. (Refer to Example 4.)
/switch is one of the options listed below. A switch can follow the
input file-specs. The following switches are used for a binary file
comparison:
/E Creates file in executable format.
/H Prints a list of switches available (help text from
device HLP:).
/nL Specifies the lower limit for a partial binary compare
(n is an octal number). This switch, when used with
the /nU switch, allows a binary file to be compared
only within the specified limits.
/Q Prints the message ?FILES ARE DIFFERENT when the files
are different, but does not list the differences. This
switch is useful when you test batch control files for
differences but do not want a log file of these
differences.
/nU Specifies the upper limit for a partial binary compare
(n is an octal number). This switch, when used with
the /nL switch, allows a binary file to be compared
only within the specified limits.
/W Compares files in binary mode without expanding the
4-2
COMPARING FILES USING FILCOM
files first. This switch is used to compare two binary
files with ASCII extensions.
/X Expands .SAV files before comparing them in binary
mode. This action removes differences resulting from
zero compression.
If you did not specify any switches in the command string, FILCOM
compares the files in the mode the extension implies. FILCOM
recognizes the following extensions as binary:
.APL .ATR .BAC .BIN
.BUG .CAL .CHN .DAE
.DBS .DCR .DMP .EXE
.HGH .LOW .MSB .OVL
.QUC .QUD .QUE .QUF
.REL .RIM .RMT .RTB
.SAV .SCH .SFD .SHR
.SVE .SYM .SYS .UFD
.UNV .XPN
Binary files are compared word by word, starting at word 0, except for
the following cases:
o Files with extensions .SHR and .HGH are assumed to be
high-segment files. Because the word count starts at 400000,
upper and lower limits, if used, must be greater than (or
equal to in the case of the lower limit) 400000.
o Files with extensions .SAV, .LOW, and .SVE are assumed to be
compressed core image files and are expanded before
comparing.
o Files with the extension .EXE are assumed to be in .EXE
format.
Conflicts are resolved by switches or defaults. If a conflict arises
in the absence of switches, the files are assumed to be ordinary
binary files.
The following switches are used for an ASCII source file comparison:
/A Compares files in ASCII mode. This switch is used to
force comparison of two files to be done in ASCII.
/B Compares blank lines. Without this switch, blank lines
are ignored.
/C Ignores comments (all text on a line following a
semicolon) and spacing (spaces and tabs). A line
consisting entirely of comments or spacing is not
treated as if it were a blank line; differences in such
4-3
COMPARING FILES USING FILCOM
lines are not ignored.
/H Prints a list of switches available (help text from
device HLP:).
/nL Specifies the number of lines that determine a match (n
is an octal number). A match means that n successive
lines in each input file have been found to be
identical. When a match is found, all differences
occurring before the match and after the previous match
are listed. In addition, the first line of the current
match is listed after the differences, to help you
locate the place within each file at which the
differences occurred. The default value for n is 3.
/O Instructs FILCOM to include a label and offset in the
differences listing for ASCII files. There are three
types of messages. One message is:
[;At top of file + nL]
nL, a decimal number, represents the number of lines
from the top of the file that the difference occurs.
If a difference occurs at the top of the file, nL is
not listed. Another message is:
[;At Label + nL]
Label is the MACRO label closest to the difference and
nL represents the decimal number of lines away from the
label that the difference occurs. If the difference
occurs at the label, nL is not listed. The message for
PDP-11 files is:
[;At Label + nL + following label name]
Label is the local label name in the form nn$, nL
represents the decimal number of lines from the local
label where the difference occurs, and following label
name is the name of the block label. The block label
name is listed as further help in locating the
difference, since local label names are not always
unique. If the difference occurs at the label, nL +
following label name are not listed. The label name
for all labels must be in the first ten characters of
the line. Label name refers to file 1.
/Q Prints the message ?FILES ARE DIFFERENT, when the files
are different, but does not list the differences.
/S Ignores spaces and tabs.
4-4
COMPARING FILES USING FILCOM
/T Instructs FILCOM to generate output even if no
differences are found. Ordinarily, FILCOM does not
produce a list of differences if there are no
differences in the files.
/U Compares in update mode. This means that the output
file consists of the second input file with vertical
bars (or backslashes for 64-character printers) next to
the lines that differ from the first input file. Any
lines found in the first input file but not in the
second are designated by a bullet (o). This feature is
useful when updating a document because the changes
made to the latest edition are flagged with change bars
in the left margin. The latest edition of the document
is the second input file.
FILCOM Output
In most cases, headers consisting of the device, file name, extension,
and creation date of each input file are listed before the differences
are listed. However, headers do not appear on output from the /U
switch (update mode on source compare).
Output from a source compare has the following notation in the left
column of the output after the headers:
n)m
n is the number of the input file, and m is the page number of the
input file (refer to the examples).
The right column lists the differences occurring between matches in
the input files. Following the list of differences, a line identical
in each file is listed for reference purposes.
The output from the /U switch differs from the above-described output
in that the output file created is the second input file with vertical
bars in the left column next to the lines that are different from the
first input file.
The output from a binary compare prints the following line on the
output device when FILCOM encounters a difference between the two
input files:
octal loc 1st file-word 2nd file-word XOR of both words
If the exclusive OR (XOR) of the two words differs only in the right
half, the third word listed is the absolute value of the difference of
the two right halves. This usually indicates an address that changed.
If one input file is shorter than the other, after the end of file is
4-5
COMPARING FILES USING FILCOM
encountered on the shorter file, the remainder of the longer file is
listed.
Characteristics
The FILCOM program:
Places your terminal at user level.
Destroys your core image.
Requires LOGIN.
Examples
1. You have the following two ASCII files on disk:
.TYPE FILE1.TST<RET>
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
.TYPE FILE2.TST<RET>
A
4-6
COMPARING FILES USING FILCOM
B
C
G
H
I
1
2
3
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
4
5
W
X
Y
Z
To compare the two files and print the differences on your
terminal, use the following sequence.
Run the FILCOM program.
.R FILCOM<RET>
Compare the two files on disk and output the differences on
your terminal. By default, three consecutive identical lines
determine a match.
*=FILE1.TST,FILE2.TST<RET>
FILE 1) DSKC:FILE1.TST[27,5434] CREATED: 0825 dd-mmm-yyyy
FILE 2) DSKC:FILE2.TST[27,5434] CREATED: 0826 dd-mmm-yyyy
1)1 D
1 E
1) F
1) G
****
2)1 G
**************
1)1 J
1) K
1) L
1) M
1) N
4-7
COMPARING FILES USING FILCOM
****
2)1 1
2) 2
2) 3
2) N
**************
1)1 W
****
2)1 4
2) 5
2) W
**************
%FILES ARE DIFFERENT
2. To compare the two files and print the differences on the
line printer, use the following command. In this example the
number of successive lines that determines a match has been
set to four with the /4L switch.
*/4L = FILE1.TST,FILE2.TST<RET>
FILE 1) DSKC:FILE1.TST[27,5434] CREATED 0825 dd-mmm-yyyy
FILE 2) DSKC:FILE2.TST[27,5434] CREATED 0826 dd-mmm-yyyy
1)1 D
1) E
1) F
1) G
1) H
1) I
1) J
1) K
1) L
1) M
1) N
****
2)1 G
2) H
2) I
2) 1
2) 2
2) 3
2) N
**************
1)1 W
****
2)1 4
2) 5
2) W
**************
%FILES ARE DIFFERENT
4-8
COMPARING FILES USING FILCOM
3. To compare the two files so that the second input file is
output with vertical bars in the left column next to the
lines that differ from the first input file, use the
following command sequence:
.R FILCOM<RET>
*/U=FILE1.TST,FILE2.TST<RET>
A
B
C
| G
H
I
| 1
| 2
| 3
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
| 4
| 5
W
X
Y
Z
%FILES ARE DIFFERENT
File number two is displayed. The lines with vertical bars
indicate the differences between the two files.
4-9
5-1
CHAPTER 5
LISTING GLOBAL SYMBOLS USING GLOB
Function
The GLOB program reads multiple binary files and produces an
alphabetical cross-referenced list of all the global symbols (symbols
accessible to other programs) that it encounters. This program also
searches files in library search mode, checking for global symbols, if
the program file was loaded by LINK in library search mode. (See the
LINK manual.)
The GLOB program has two phases of operation:
1. Phase one scans the input files and builds an internal symbol
table.
2. Phase two produces output based on the symbol table.
Because of these phases, you can enter commands to GLOB in one of two
ways. The first way is to specify one command string containing both
the output and input specifications; this is the command string format
most system programs accept. The second is to separate the command
string into a series of input commands and output commands.
Formats
R GLOB
*output file-spec=input file-spec(/switch,/switch)<ESC>
where: * is the GLOB prompt, and /switch is one or more of the
switches listed below.
R GLOB
followed by one or more input commands in the form:
5-1
LISTING GLOBAL SYMBOLS USING GLOB
file-spec, file-spec,...<RET>
and then one or more output commands in the form:
output file-spec=<ESC>
When you separate your input to GLOB into input commands and output
commands, the input commands contain only input specifications. The
output commands contain only output specifications. Each output
command causes a listing to be generated; any number of listings can
be printed from the symbol table generated from the current input
files, as long as no input commands occur after the first output
command. When GLOB encounters an input command after output has been
generated, it destroys the current symbol table and begins a new one.
An ESCape (or ALTmode) terminates the command input and signals GLOB
to print the cross-referenced listing. A listing is not printed until
GLOB encounters an ESCape. Press ESCape at the end of the command
string shown in command format 1 or at the end of each output command
shown in command format 2.
If you omit some of the information in a GLOB command, the program
takes the following defaults:
o If the device is omitted, it is assumed to be DSK:. However,
if the entire output specification is omitted, the output
device is TTY:.
o If the output file name is omitted, it is the name of the
last input file on the line (Command Format 1) or is GLOB if
the line contains only output commands (Command Format 2).
The input file names are required.
o If the output extension is omitted, .GLB is used. If the
input extension is omitted, it is assumed to be .REL, unless
the null extension is explicitly specified by a dot following
the file name.
o If the directory area [directory] is omitted, your default
directory is used.
Switches to GLOB control the type of global listings to be printed.
If you issue several switches, enclose them in parentheses. Only the
most recently specified switch (except for L, M, P, Q, and X, which
are always in effect) is in effect at any given time. If you do not
specify any switches, GLOB prints all global symbols. The switches
and their functions are:
/A Prints all global symbols. This is the default if no
switches are specified.
/E Prints only erroneous (multiply defined or undefined)
5-2
LISTING GLOBAL SYMBOLS USING GLOB
symbols.
/F Prints nonrelocatable (fixed) symbols only.
/H Prints a list of the switches available from HLP:GLOB.HLP.
/L Scans programs only if they contain globals previously
defined and not yet satisfied (library search mode).
/M Turns off scanning mode resulting from the /L switch.
/N Prints only symbols that are never referenced.
/P Prints all routines that define a symbol to have the same
value. The routine that defines the symbol first is
printed, followed by a plus (+) sign. Subsequent routines
that define the symbol are printed, preceded by a plus sign.
/Q Suppresses the printing of subsequent defining routines,
which result from the /P switch.
/R Prints only relocatable symbols.
/S Prints symbols with nonconflicting values that are defined
in more than one program.
/X Suppresses the header page when the output device is not
your terminal, and includes the header when it is your
terminal. Without this switch, the header is printed on all
devices except your terminal.
Output from GLOB
The listing header is in the format:
Flags Symbol Octal Value Defined Referenced
The flags are:
Flags Meaning
M Multiply-defined symbol (shows all values).
N Never referred to (was not declared external in any of the
binary programs).
S Multiply specified symbol (that is, defined in more than one
program but with nonconflicting values). The name of the
first program in which the symbol was encountered is
followed by a plus sign.
5-3
LISTING GLOBAL SYMBOLS USING GLOB
U Undefined symbol.
Symbols are listed in alphabetical order according to their ASCII
collating sequence. An apostrophe (') follows the octal value of a
relocatable symbol. The value is then relative to the beginning of
the program in which the symbol is defined.
Characteristics
The GLOB program:
Requires LOGIN.
Places your terminal at user level.
Destroys your core image.
Example
Run the GLOB program, and print all global symbols in the program MAIN
(on DSK:), and SUB40 and SUB50 (on DTA2:) on the line printer. Each
symbol is printed with its value, the program in which it is defined,
all programs in which it is referenced, and any error flags.
.R GLOB<RET>
*LPT:=MAIN.REL,DTA2:SUB40,SUB50<ESC>
The programs to be scanned are BATCH.REL and DATA.REL on DTA4,
NUMBER.REL and CLASS.REL on DTA6:, and MATH.REL and LIBRAR.REL on
DSK:.
*DTA4:BATCH.REL,DATA.REL,DTA6:NUMBER.REL,CLASS.REL<RET>
*DSK:MATH.REL,LIBRAR.REL<RET>
Print only nonrelocatable symbols on the line printer.
*LPT:=/F4<ESC>
Print only relocatable symbols in the file named SYMBOL in your
default directory.
*DSK:SYMBOL=/R<ESC>
Print all erroneous symbols on the terminal. EXTSYM is an undefined
symbol appearing in the program SUBRTE.
*TTY:=/E<ESC>
U EXTSYM SUBRTE
5-4
LISTING GLOBAL SYMBOLS USING GLOB
Return to monitor level.
*^C
.
5-5
6-1
CHAPTER 6
NETWORK FILE TRANSFER USING NFT
Function
The Network File Transfer (NFT) utility allows you to access files
residing on DECnet hosts that provide network file access
capabilities. By using NFT, you can perform a variety of operations
such as copying, deleting, renaming, or listing files; listing
directories; and submitting files to a batch system. NFT allows you
to perform operations at the local host as well as at a remote host.
You may also use NFT to copy a file from one remote host to another.
NFT processes text files, programs, data files, control files, or any
other sequential file. However, only ASCII file transfers are
supported between a TOPS-10 host and a non-TOPS-10 host.
Format
R NFT
* command output-file-spec = input-file-spec/switches
where: command is one of the NFT commands described below. file-spec
is one or more standard file specifications. Depending on the
command, either the output-file-spec or both file-specs may be
omitted.
The NFT commands are:
Command Action
COPY [output file-spec=] Copies files from:
input file-spec local node to remote node
local node to local node
remote node to local node
remote node to remote node
DELETE file-spec(s) Deletes files from a local or remote
node.
6-1
NETWORK FILE TRANSFER USING NFT
DIRECT [output file-spec=] Lists the directory from the
input file-spec specified node.
EXIT Exits from NFT.
HELP Displays a list of NFT commands.
PRINT file-spec Prints a file at the specified node.
NFT does not check that the file is
actually printed at a remote node. The
file must be located at the node in an
acceptable format; and print spooling
must be available at the node.
RENAME output file-spec(s)=
input file-spec Changes the name or attributes of a
file. Valid only for nodes that support
remote renaming.
SET DEFAULT [node::=]
/USERID[:uid[:acct[:psw]]] Sets the defaults for the access
information for one or more remote
nodes. The defaults remain in effect
until you change them using another SET
DEFAULT command or exit from NFT. NFT
applies the defaults in SWITCH.INI after
it sets the defaults from the SET
DEFAULT command.
SUBMIT file-spec Submits a batch control file or a
command file on a local or remote node.
NFT does not check that the file is
actually submitted. The control/command
file must be at the node in an
acceptable format; and the batch or
command file facility must be supported
and available at the node.
TYPE [output file-spec=] Displays the specified file on your
input file-spec terminal.
In addition to the standard commands, commands called DAP-mode
commands are available. They are the DDELET (delete), DDIREC
(direct), DRENAM (rename), and DSUBMI (submit) commands. You can use
these commands to quickly manipulate a single file on a single host,
or if the remote host does not appear to accept the standard NFT
command. If you use these commands, you can include only one input
file specification. These commands may execute faster than the
standard commands because they do not have the same command scanning
and checking as the standard commands. In some cases, they may not
give the same amount or type of information as the standard commands.
6-2
NETWORK FILE TRANSFER USING NFT
All NFT and DAP-mode commands described above work between TOPS-10
hosts, and with your files on the local host. However, a command
works on a non-TOPS-10 host only if that host has also implemented
that facility. For example, you can copy files between a TOPS-10 host
and a VMS host because both hosts have implemented the COPY facility.
For those commands with input and/or output file specifications, the
defaults for the command string are listed below. Though most of the
defaults are the same for all the commands, some commands have
different defaults. The exceptions are noted with each field's
default.
Field Default
node local node
all remote nodes for SET DEFAULT
unchanged for RENAME output
device DSK: for local node, none for remote node
TTY: for DIRECT and TYPE output
unchanged for RENAME output
directory no explicit directory
unchanged for RENAME output
file name output - input file name
- generated name for DIRECT
- unchanged for RENAME
input - *
- must be specified for DELETE
file type output - input file type
- DIR for DIRECT
- unchanged for RENAME
input - *
- must be specified for DELETE
- CTL for SUBMIT
- none for PRINT
I/O mode file creation mode, assumed to be ASCII
ASCII for DIRECT and TYPE
The switches you can use with NFT are listed below:
/ASCII Transfers in ASCII mode. Use the /ASCII switch for all
ASCII file transfers to or from a non-TOPS-10 host.
/[NO]BAUD Does [not] print the baud rate of data transfer in the
totals summary. This switch applies to the COPY and
TYPE commands only. The default for network transfers
is /BAUD, /NOBAUD is the default for local transfers.
6-3
NETWORK FILE TRANSFER USING NFT
/BINARY Transfers in binary mode. Use the /BINARY switch for
all file transfers between TOPS-10 hosts.
/[NO]MOAN Does [not] issue general warning complaints. Use the
/MOAN switch to instruct NFT to issue warnings when it
encounters a dubious condition. Such a condition
typically requires NFT to make a guess (for example, in
a file copy operation, the data type or data byte size)
in order to complete the command. The default is
/NOMOAN.
/[NO]OKERROR Use the /[NO]OKERROR switch to control whether NFT
aborts the command if an error occurs. /OKERROR
directs NFT to ignore file access and I/O errors,
issuing warning messages. /NOOKERROR instructs NFT to
abort the current command on the first occurrence of a
file access or I/O error. The default setting is
/NOOKERROR.
/TOTALS[:list] Use the /TOTALS switch to control the totals summary
displayed at the end of the command execution. The
various TOTALS quantities (files, errors, baud rate,
and so on) can be individually controlled by specifying
the :list argument. If a quantity-name is preceded
with a NO, that quantity will not be listed. If more
than one quantity is specified, separate them with
commas, and enclose the list with parentheses. /TOTALS
or /TOTALS:ALL directs NFT to print a totals summary of
all applicable quantities at the completion (successful
or otherwise) of the current command. /TOTALS:NONE
instructs NFT to omit the summary. The /TOTALS
quantities are:
o BITS - List the total number of data bits.
o BYTES - List the total number of data bytes.
o WORDS - List the total number of 36-bit words.
o RECORDS - List the total number of records.
o BLOCKS - List the total number of 128-word blocks.
o PAGES - List the total number of 512-word pages.
o FILES - List the total number of files.
o BAUD - List the effective data transfer rate (bits
per second).
6-4
NETWORK FILE TRANSFER USING NFT
o ERRORS - List the total number of execution errors.
The default quantities are WORDS, BLOCKS, FILES, and
BAUD. NFT ignores inappropriate arguments.
/USERID:id Use this switch to specify the access information
(userid, account, and password) when using NFT for a
non-TOPS-10 host. You include the /USERID switch with
the file specification of the remote file. If you omit
an argument from the switch, NFT prompts you for that
argument. If the remote host does not require the
information, you can press the <RET> key. The form of
the /USERID switch is:
/USERID:uid:acct:psw
where uid is user-name, acct is an account string, and
psw is a password. If you omit the account or password
argument, you must still include its preceding colon
(:). For example, if you omit the password:
/USERID:smith:1776:
NFT prompts you for it. You then supply a password,
which NFT does not echo.
NFT automatically prompts you for access information if
you include /USERID without arguments in the form:
NFT /USERID
You can include this command and switch in your
SWITCH.INI file. If you include arguments with the
/USERID switch in SWITCH.INI, you are specifying a
particular userid. You can override this switch
setting by including an explicit /USERID:uid switch on
a command line to NFT. You can also use the SET
DEFAULT command to specify access information for one
or all remote nodes. Defaults set this way apply for
the duration of the current NFT session.
For a TOPS-10 remote file, you can omit the PPN if the
userid and the project-programmer number are identical.
For example, you can enter:
*DIRECT IRIS::[27,777]/USERID:27,777::FOO
as:
*DIRECT IRIS::/USERID:27,777::FOO
Characteristics
6-5
NETWORK FILE TRANSFER USING NFT
The NFT program:
Requires LOGIN.
Destroys your core image.
Leaves your terminal at user level.
Examples
1. Copy a file from the local node to a remote VMS host.
Override the /USERID specified in your SWITCH.INI file.
.R NFT
*COPY ROSE::/USER=PLANNI
For remote ROSE::*.*
User-id: BARSTOW
Account:
Password:
ROSE::COMMUNITY:[BARSTOW]PLANNI..2 <=
DSKC:[52,654]PLANNI
Total of 398 words in 4 blocks in 1 file at 20395 baud
2. Copy a file from a TOPS-20 host to a RSTS host while logged
in on a TOPS-10 host. You must specify a /USERID switch for
each remote host.
.R NFT
*COPY LILY::/USER=DAISY::PLANNING-GUIDE/USER
For remote DAISY::PLANNING-GUIDE.*
User-id: THRING
Account:
Password:
For remote LILY::*.*
User-id: 15,177
Account:
Password:
LILY::SY:[15,177]PLANNI <=
DAISY::PS:[THRING]PLANNING-GUIDE..5
Total of 483 words in 4 blocks in 1 file at 5851 baud
3. Delete all the files with name UUOSYM from a directory on a
TOPS-20 host. You must include the /USERID switch, but need
not explicitly specify the directory because it is the same
as the userid.
.R NFT
*DELETE DAISY::UUOSYM.*/USER
For remote DAISY::UUOSYM.*
User-id: THRING
Account:
6-6
NETWORK FILE TRANSFER USING NFT
Password:
DAISY::PS:[THRING]UUOSYM.REL.1
DAISY::PS:[THRING]UUOSYM.UNV.1
Total of 33 blocks in 2 files
4. Access a directory not your own on a remote TOPS-10 host
called IRIS. Since your account on the system allows you
read access to the directory, you can specify the other
directory and your userid and read the directory.
.R NFT
*DIRECT IRIS::[17,353]/USER
For remote IRIS::[17,353]*.*
User-id: 27,777
Account:
Password:
IRIS::DSKA:[1,2]DSKA.BAK
IRIS::DSKA:[1,2]DSKA1.FUL
IRIS::DSKA:[1,2]INC.BAK
IRIS::DSKA:[1,2]FUL.BAK
IRIS::DSKA:[1,2]DSKA.INC
IRIS::DSKA:[1,2]INC.MIC
IRIS::DSKA:[1,2]FUL.MIC
Total of 7 files
5. To access accounts with different access information on
several remote nodes, set the default access information for
all of them.
.R NFT
*SET DEFAULT ROSE::=/USER:BARSTOW:HAHA:HOHUM
*SET DEFAULT IRIS::=/USER:27,777:WRITER:FOFUM
*SET DEFAULT LILY::=/USER:15,177:SCHOLAR:FEEFI
*SET DEFAULT DAISY::=/USER
*COPY ROSE::=DAISY::FCC.ASC
For remote DAISY::FCC.ASC.*
User-id:thing
Account:
Password:
.
.
.
6. Submit a command file to the VMS command file processor on
host ROSE:. You have included a /USERID switch for that host
in your SWITCH.INI file so you do not have to include that
switch in the command string.
.R NFT
*SUBMIT ROSE::ABVAX.CTL
ROSE::COMMUNITY:[BARSTOW]ABVAX.CTL.1
Total of 1 file
6-7
7-1
CHAPTER 7
CONTROLLING SUBJOBS USING OPSER
Function
The OPSER program allows you to control up to 14 subjobs from your
terminal. OPSER acts as the supervisor of the subjobs by passing
monitor-level or user-level commands to all or to selected subjobs.
OPSER can retrieve output from the various subjobs.
OPSER subjobs run on pseudo-terminals (PTYs). It performs all
pseudo-terminal initialization. You provide the subjob name and
either an OPSER-provided subjob number or a user-assigned name.
System programs or your programs that require a dedicated terminal can
be run as subjobs of OPSER. By running jobs on PTYs, OPSER maintains
an I/O link between you and the running jobs.
Format
R OPSER
*:command
where: An asterisk (*) is the OPSER prompt if no subjobs are in use
or if subjobs are waiting for commands. OPSER responds with
an exclamation point when a subjob is running. You can enter
commands whenever OPSER is operating. Each command must be
preceded by a colon and may be abbreviated to a unique set of
characters.
Commands to OPSER and their functions are:
Command Function
:AUTO/hh:mm Processes the named file as a list of
filename interactive commands. The AUTO file is
terminated by either an end-of-file or the
operator typing a line on the console. AUTO
files may call other files, including
7-1
CONTROLLING SUBJOBS USING OPSER
themselves. The optional /hh:mm switch sets
the time to run the auto file. If this time
has passed, the AUTO file runs immediately.
:AUTO/+hh:mm Processes the AUTO file after the amount
filename of time specified by the +hh:mm has elapsed.
:AUTO/>hh:mm Processes the AUTO file at the next
filename occurrence of hh:mm.
:AUTO/<hh:mm Does not process the AUTO file if time
filename has already gone past hh:mm.
^B Sends ^O (CTRL/O) to the subjob.
^C Returns you to monitor level even if you have
active subjobs running. Use the :EXIT
command (described below) in most cases.
:CLOSE Closes the log file without opening a new
one.
:CONTINUE Continues processing the AUTO file after it
has been interrupted by a CTRL/C. This
allows you to gain control of a subjob during
AUTO file processing.
:CURRENT Displays the name of the current subjob, if
defined; otherwise, displays the number of
the current subjob. Output from another
subjob does not affect the definition of the
current subjob.
:DAYTIME Displays the current date and time.
:DEFINE xxx=n Associates the symbol xxx as the name for
subjob n. The symbol B is reserved for the
subjob running BATCON.
:DEVICE dev:log:n Assigns the device (dev:), and logical name
(log) to subjob n. The logical name is
optional, but you must include a null field
if the logical name is omitted, for example,
:DEVICE CDR::3. The REENTER command aborts
the request.
:ERROR n,m,p Displays only error messages. (That is,
ignores nonerror messages from subjob n.)
Printing resumes with the :REVIVE command.
:EXIT Exits to the monitor if subjobs are not in
use; otherwise, give a list of those that are
7-2
CONTROLLING SUBJOBS USING OPSER
running. This should be used instead of
CTRL/C, because :EXIT does not return your
job to monitor level if there are any active
subjobs. (Also refer to :MONITOR.)
:FREE Displays the first free subjob number.
:HELP Displays text that briefly explains OPSER
commands.
:JCONT n Continues the specified currently halted job.
:KILL n,m,p Logs out the specified subjobs. This is
identical to :KJOB.
:KJOB n,m,p Logs out the specified subjobs, saving all
files.
:LOGIN proj,prog Logs in a new subjob. If you do not type a
project-programmer number, OPSER assumes your
project-programmer number.
:MONITOR Exits to the monitor, even if subjobs are
running.
:MSGLVL n Determines whether the response to the :WHAT
command includes the JOBSTS bits. If n=0,
the bits are included. If n=1, they are
eliminated. If you do not specify n, the
JOBSTS bits are not included.
:QUEUE <line> Initiates the first free subjob and sends the
typed-in line to the system queue manager.
:RESOURCES Displays the list of the available system
resources.
:REVIVE n Resumes normal echoing of output from subjob
n (that is, clears the effects of :SILENCE,
:TSILENCE, and :ERROR for subjob n).
:SCHED Displays the schedule bits as set by the
operator.
Bit Meaning
0 Regular timesharing.
1 No further LOGINs except from CTY.
2 No further LOGINs from remote terminals,
and no answering of data sets.
7-3
CONTROLLING SUBJOBS USING OPSER
4 Batch jobs only.
100 Device MOUNTs can be done without
operator intervention.
200 Unspooling allowed.
400 No operator coverage.
1000 No automatic down-line loading of nodes.
:SEND Simulates the SEND command, sending a line of
text to the operator's terminal.
:SILENCE n Suppresses all output from subjob n.
:SLOGIN proj,prog Logs one subjob in but suppresses its
response. If you omit the project-programmer
number, OPSER uses yours.
:STOP n Puts the specified subjob at monitor level.
This is equivalent to typing two CTRL/Cs in
interactive mode.
:SYSTAT x Runs SYSTAT with argument x over the first
free subjob. The argument can be any valid
SYSTAT argument. (Refer to the TOPS-10
Operating System Commands Manual.) The
argument is optional.
:TIME Displays the total running time since the
last :TIME command, followed by the
integrated product of running time and core
size.
:TLOG file-spec Creates a log file with the specified name.
If the file already exists, a message is
printed to determine whether the existing
file should be superseded. If not, OPSER
appends the file to the existing one.
Default for file-spec is OPSER.LOG on DSK:.
:TSILENCE n Suppresses all output from subjob n (same as
the :SILENCE command) but places entries into
the log file.
:TTYTST Tests this terminal by printing all the ASCII
characters between octal 40 and 174,
inclusive.
:WHAT n,m,p Prints the status of the specified subjobs on
the terminal. The status includes a SYSTAT
7-4
CONTROLLING SUBJOBS USING OPSER
with the time, the time of the last input and
the last output, a listing of the JOBSTS bits
depending upon the value of :MSGLVL, and the
time of the next timed AUTO file.
:WHERE devn: Prints the node number of the device's
physical location.
When a subjob number or name is required in a command string
(indicated by n, m, p), you can specify the subjob in any of the
following ways:
o Omit it, in which case the last subjob typed into is used.
o Specify ALL, in which case all active subjobs are implied.
o Specify a decimal number, or a list of numbers separated by
commas, from 0 to the OPSER limit, which designates that
particular subjob number.
o Specify a name, or a list of names separated by commas,
previously assigned to a particular subjob with the :DEFINE
command.
Characteristics
The OPSER program:
Requires LOGIN.
Destroys your core image.
Places your terminal at user level.
Example
The following is an example of an automatic startup file.
.TYPE SYS:TTY4.ATO<RET>
:TLOG DSKN:OPSER4.LOG
:SLOG
:DEF L1=
:SLOG
:DEF L0=
:SLOG
:DEF M=
:SLOG
:DEF B=
:TSILEN ALL
L1-AS LPT1
7-5
CONTROLLING SUBJOBS USING OPSER
L1-R LPTSPL
L1-FREEZ
L1-MLIMIT 5000
.
7-6
CHAPTER 8
LOCAL FILE TRANSFER USING PIP
Function
The PIP program transfers files between standard I/O devices at the
local system. It can perform simple editing and magnetic tape control
operations during transfer operations.
Format
R PIP
* output file-spec(s)/switches = input file-spec(s)/switches
where: * is the PIP prompt; output file-spec and input file-spec are
file specifications which may include wildcards; and = (equals
sign) separates the output from the input files. You must
include this, even if you omit either file specification.
/switch is one or more of the options described below. Each
description includes any restrictions on combining that switch with
other switches.
Switch Meaning
/A Does not split lines between output buffers; starts each
line with a new word. Used for FORTRAN ASCII input. This
switch may be used with /C, /E, /G, /M, /N, /O, /Q, /S,
/V, and /Z.
/B Copies in binary mode. This switch is legal with /G, /M,
/P, /Q, and /X.
/C Deletes trailing spaces and converts multiple spaces to
tabs. You can use this switch with /A, /E, /G, /J, /M,
/N, /O, /Q, /S, /T, /V, /W, /X, and /Z.
/D Deletes one or more files from the destination device.
You can only specify a destination device in the command
8-1
LOCAL FILE TRANSFER USING PIP
string. You may use the /X switch with /D.
/E For card reader input, ignores card sequence numbers. In
other words, this switch replaces characters in columns
73-80 with spaces. This switch can be used with the /A,
/C, /G, /J, /M, /N, /O, /Q, /S, /X, and /Z switches.
/F Gives a limited (fast) version of the directory for the
specified device. You may not use any other switches with
this one.
/G Ignores I/O errors and continue processing after issuing
an error message. This switch is always legal.
/H Copies in image binary mode. You can use /H with /G, /M,
/X, and /Z.
/I Copies in image mode. You can use this switch with /G,
/M, /X, and /Z.
/J Converts non-printing control characters to
control-character format for terminal output. That is,
001, <CTRL/A>, is output as ^A. /A, /C, /E, /M, /W, and
/X are permitted with this switch.
/L Lists the directory for the specified device. You may
only use /Z with this switch.
(Mx) Magnetic tape switches, enclosed in parentheses. They are
listed below. You may not use /D, /F, or /U with this
switch.
Switch Meaning
(M8) 800 bpi density (default value)
(M5) 556 bpi density
(M2) 200 bpi density
(ME) Even parity (odd parity is default)
(M#nA) Advance tape reel n files. #n omitted
means one file.
(M#nB) Backspace tape reel n files. #n omitted
means one file.
(M#nD) Advance tape reel n records. #n omitted
means one record.
(M#nP) Backspace tape reel n records. #n omitted
means one record.
(MW) Rewind tape reel.
(MT) Skip to logical end-of-tape.
(MU) Rewind and unload.
(MF) Mark end-of-file.
/N Deletes line sequence numbers from an ASCII file. If tab
8-2
LOCAL FILE TRANSFER USING PIP
follows the sequence number, deletes the tab also. You
may use /A, /C, /E, /G, /M, /Q, /X, and /Z with this
switch.
/O Resequences or adds line sequence numbers to an ASCII
file, incrementing by 1. You may use /A, /C, /E, /G, /M,
/X, and /Z with this switch.
/P Converts FORTRAN format control characters for line
printer listing. You may use /B and /Z with this switch.
/Q Lists a summary of switches on the specified device. You
may not use /Q with /D, /F, /R, and /V.
/R Renames the source file to the name of the destination
file. /X may be used with /R.
/S Resequences or adds line sequence numbers to an ASCII
file, incrementing by 10. /A, /C, /T, and /Z are all
valid with /S.
/T Deletes trailing spaces from the transferred file. Keeps
one space and the line termintor for an all-space line.
You may use /C, /S, and /Z with this switch.
/U Obsolete.
/V Matches angle brackets. If there is an unmatched angle
bracket, creates a file listing those lines with unmatched
angle brackets. You may use /G, /M, and /Z with /V.
/W Converts tabs to spaces. /C and /Z are legal with this
switch.
/X and /DX Copies the specified files without concatenating the
files. /DX copies all but the specified files. If you
omit the /X switch, PIP concatenates the files while
copying. You may not use /F or /L with this switch.
/Y Obsolete.
/Z Zeroes the directory of the destination device. PIP
attempts to delete all the files named in the directory,
depending on the protection codes. You may not use this
switch with /D or /R.
PIP can transfer files in either ASCII or binary mode. PIP uses the
file extension in the file specification to determine which mode to
use. Whenever possible, PIP transfers files in a binary mode since it
is faster. The binary modes are: binary, image, and image binary.
PIP performs a specific series of tests on a file extension in order
8-3
LOCAL FILE TRANSFER USING PIP
to determine the mode to use during a transfer operation. PIP looks
for:
o The presence of a data mode switch. If no switch is found,
PIP goes to the next test.
o The presence of a known (standard) file extension that
specifies a binary mode of transfer. If no binary extensions
are found, PIP goes to the next test.
o The input and the output devices specified, to determine if
they are capable of handling binary data. If either of the
devices cannot handle binary, the transfer is made in ASCII
mode. If both devices can handle binary data, PIP goes to
the next test.
o The presence of the /X switch in the command string; if it is
found, the transfer is made in binary mode. If an X option
is not found, PIP goes to the next test.
o The presence of commas (non-delimiters) in the command
string; if commas are found, ASCII mode is indicated. If no
commas are found, the transfer is made in binary mode.
Characteristics
The PIP program:
Requires LOGIN.
Destroys your core image.
Places your terminal at user level.
Examples
1. Run PIP, and list your directory on your terminal.
.R PIP
*TTY:/L=
2. Transfer files from area [11,7] to your directory without
concatenation.
*DSK:/X=DSK:[11,7]filea.rel,filea.mac
3. Combine all the files on the tape on MTA0: into one file in
your directory.
*DSK:TAPE.MAC=MTA0:*
8-4
LOCAL FILE TRANSFER USING PIP
4. Rename the file MONI.MAC to MONI.CBL
*DSK:MONI.CBL/R=MONI.MAC
5. Change the directory access code of [57,123] to <222>.
*DSKA:[57,123].UFD<222>/R=[57,123].UFD
6. Transfer a file from MTA1: to MTA2: at 200 bpi with even
parity.
*MTA2:(M2E)=MTA1:(ME2)
7. Backspace MTA0: to the start of the previous file. (MB) is
equivalent to (M#1B).
*MTA0:(MB)=
8. Backspace MTA2: to the start of the current file.
*MTA2:(M#0B)=
8-5
9-1
CHAPTER 9
LISTING DISK QUOTAS USING QUOLST
Function
The QUOLST program prints the amount of disk space used and the amount
left on each file structure in your search list. In addition, it
prints the amount of space the file structures have left for all
users. The information printed on your terminal is:
o The structure name.
o The number of blocks allocated.
o The number of blocks left in the logged-in quota, in the
logged-out quota, and on the structure.
Format
R QUOLST
Characteristics
The QUOLST program:
Destroys your core image.
Leaves your terminal at monitor level.
Example
.R QUOLST<RET>
USER: 27,5434
STR USED LEFT:(IN) (OUT) (SYS)
DSKC: 1355 8645 3645 61995
9-1
LISTING DISK QUOTAS USING QUOLST
DSKB: 0 10000 5000 96870
.
9-2
CHAPTER 10
FORMATTING TEXT FILES USING RUNOFF
Function
The RUNOFF program formats text files using commands you insert into a
file. You create the file and insert the RUNOFF commands using one of
the standard TOPS-10 text editors.
Format
R RUNOFF
*file-spec
where: * is the RUNOFF prompt; file-spec is a file specification with
standard defaults and wildcard features. The normal extension
for a file that RUNOFF processes is .RNO. The processed file
has an extension of .MEM. You can queue this file to a line
printer, or display it on your terminal.
The commands listed below are inserted into the text file to cause
RUNOFF to perform some action. All RUNOFF commands begin with a
period (.). You can abbreviate all commands.
Some commands require either numeric or text arguments. In either
instance, you type the command, one space, and then the argument.
When you have several commands to input, you can list all of them on
one line, separating them with periods. However, if the first command
has a comment or takes text as its argument, you must use a semicolon
to separate the commands. Comments must be preceded by an exclamation
point (!).
Command Function
.APPENDIX "text" Starts appendix with "text" as its name.
.AUTOPARAGRAPH Treats leading spaces as new paragraph.
.AUTOTABLE Treats lines without leading spaces as new
10-1
FORMATTING TEXT FILES USING RUNOFF
paragraph.
.BEGIN BAR Starts a change bar, which appears in the
left hand margin.
.BLANK n Skips n lines.
.BREAK Starts a new output line.
.CENTER n Centers the next line around column n/2.
.CHAPTER "text" Starts chapter with text as name.
.COMMENT Ignores this command.
.CONTROL CHARACTERS Allows control characters to print in the
text.
.DISABLE BAR Ignores change bars.
.DO INDEX "title" Outputs index with rest of line as title.
.ELSE Changes sense of IF/IFNOT.
.ENABLE BAR Allows change bars.
.ENDIF name Ends conditional input.
.END BAR Ends change bar.
.END FOOTNOTE Ends a footnote definition.
.END LIST Ends a list.
.END LITERAL Ends a literal block of text.
.END NOTE Ends a NOTE command.
.END SELECTION Stops selection until single line prefix.
.END SUBPAGE Stops subpage numbering (resumes page).
.FIGURE n Makes space for n-line figure.
.FIGURE DEFERRED n Same as FIGURE except the figure may be on
next page.
.FILL Resumes filling and justifying each line.
.FIRST TITLE Includes title on first page.
.FLAGS ALL Enables existing flag characters.
10-2
FORMATTING TEXT FILES USING RUNOFF
.FLAGS type "ch" Changes flag character of the specified type
to "ch".
.FOOTNOTE n Starts n-line footnote.
.HEADER x Issues "page" in case x, where x is UPPER,
LOWER, or MIXED case.
.HEADER LEVEL n Starts section at level n (1-5); rest is
name.
.IF Starts conditional input if VARIANT name.
.IFNOT name Starts conditional input if not VARIANT name.
.INDENT n Indents next line n spaces.
.INDEX Inserts rest of this line in index.
.JUSTIFY Resumes justifying text.
.LEFT n Starts next line n columns from left margin.
.LEFT MARGIN n Sets left margin.
.LIST n Starts list of items with spacing n.
.LIST ELEMENT Starts of item in a list.
.LITERAL n Starts a literal block of text n lines long.
.LOWER CASE Starts footnotes and text in lower case.
.NO AUTOPARAGRAPH Stops autoparagraph mode.
.NO AUTOTABLE Stops autotable mode.
.NO CONTROL CHARACTERS Does not allow control characters.
.NO FILL Stops fill and justify.
.NO FLAGS ALL Disables existing flag characters except .
and !.
.NO FLAGS type Does not use flag characters of the specified
type.
.NO HEADER Suppresses page headers.
.NO JUSTIFY Stops justifying.
.NO NUMBER Stops page numbering.
10-3
FORMATTING TEXT FILES USING RUNOFF
.NO PAGING Stops splitting into pages.
.NO PERIOD Stops double spacing after period,
exclamation point, semicolon, colon, and
question mark.
.NO SELECTION Accepts all text as input.
.NO SPACE Suppresses space on this end of line.
.NO SUBTITLE Suppresses subtitles.
.NOTE text Starts indented note with heading "text"
centered. If you omit "text," RUNOFF uses
the heading NOTE.
.NUMBER n Resumes page numbering at page n.
.NUMBER APPENDIX n Sets appendix number to n.
.NUMBER CHAPTER n Sets chapter number to n.
.NUMBER INDEX Sets chapter number to "INDEX".
.NUMBER LEVEL Sets next HEADER LEVEL to a, b, c,...
a, b, c,...
.NUMBER LIST d, c Sets list counter depth d to c.
.NUMBER PAGE n Resumes page numbering at page n.
.NUMBER SUBPAGE ch Sets subpage number to ch (A-Z).
.PAGE Starts new page.
.PAGE SIZE n,m Sets page size to n lines by m columns
.PAPER SIZE n,m Sets paper size to n lines by m columns.
.PAGING Resumes breaking into pages.
.PARAGRAPH n, v, t Starts a new paragraph, indented n spaces,
starting v blank lines below the previous
paragraph, and having t as the TEST PAGE
value.
.PERIOD Double spaces after period, exclamation
point, semicolon, colon, and question mark.
.PRINT INDEX Starts printing index.
.RIGHT n Right adjusts next line n columns left of the
margin.
10-4
FORMATTING TEXT FILES USING RUNOFF
.RIGHT MARGIN n Sets right margin to n.
.SELECTION string Sets selection string.
.SKIP n Skips n*spacing lines.
.SPACING n Sets spacing (default=1).
.STANDARD n Sets standard setup of width n.
.SUBINDEX Indexes with "#" used to delimit sub-indices.
.SUBPAGE Starts subpage numbering.
.SUBTITLE or .SUBTTL Uses rest of line as subtitle.
While inputting your text, you have the option of including special
characters to alter the case and mode operations. You type these
characters immediately before the word or group of words you want to
arrange. Just like RUNOFF commands, these special characters do not
appear in your output after running RUNOFF. Special text characters
include:
Flag
Character Function
Underscore (_) Takes next character as text.
Circumflex (^) Uppercases next character.
Back-slash (\) Lowercases next character.
Number sign (#) Treats as an expandable space.
Ampersand (&) Underlines next character.
Less-than (<) Capitalizes the following word.
Greater-than (>) Indexes the following word.
Exclamation point (!) Ends footnote or begins comment.
Period (.) Treats what follows as a RUNOFF command.
Semicolon (;) Used to separate multiple commands.
Characteristics
The RUNOFF program:
Requires LOGIN.
10-5
FORMATTING TEXT FILES USING RUNOFF
Destroys your core image.
Places your terminal at user level.
Examples
1. Use the .LIST and .LIST ELEMENT commands to create a list.
.NF.LS
.LE;Page numbers on every page except the first,
.LE;Spacing 1 between lines,
.LE;Fill and justify,
.LE;Tab stops 9,17,25,33,41,49,57,65,
.LE;Left margin 0,
.LE;Right margin 60,
.LE;Page size - Width 60 characters, Length 58 lines.
.ELS
Your output would look like the following:
1. Page numbers on every page except the first,
2. Spacing 1 between lines,
3. Fill and justify,
4. Tab stops 9,17,25,33,41,49,57,65,
5. Left margin 0,
6. Right margin 60,
7. Page size - Width 60 characters, Length 58 lines.
2. To get header levels in your text, you can insert commands in
your text as follows:
.FLAG CAPITALIZE
.CHAPTER EXAMPLE 5
.HL 1 FIRST LEVEL OF SECTION 1
The command .<HEADER <LEVEL starts a section at the level
specified and takes the following text as the header.##The
n can be in the range from 1 to 5.
.HL 1 SECOND LEVEL OF SECTION 1
The sections are incremented by 1, and the number is
output in the form i.j.k.l.m.##If this is a chapter
oriented document, the i is the chapter number;#otherwise, the
i is the number of the .<HI 1 level.
.HL 1 THIRD LEVEL OF SECTION 1
This command acts as
10-6
FORMATTING TEXT FILES USING RUNOFF
.SKIP 3;.NOFILL
.<BREAK .<TEST <PAGE 9;.<BLANK 3
.SKIP 3;.FILL
followed by the section number.##<HEADER <LEVEL<S 1 AND 2
end with a .<BREAK.##<HEADER <LEVEL<S 3, 4, AND 5 end with
a space dash space combination (_#-_#).
Your output would look like:
CHAPTER 1
EXAMPLE 5
1.1 FIRST LEVEL OF SECTION 1
The command .HEADER LEVEL starts a section at the level specified and
takes the following text as the header. The n can be in the range
from 1 to 5.
1.2 SECOND LEVEL OF SECTION 1
The sections are incremented by 1, and the number is output in the
form i.j.k.l.m. If this is a chapter oriented document, the i is the
chapter number; otherwise, the i is the number of the .HL 1 level.
1.3 THIRD LEVEL OF SECTION 1
This command acts as
.BREAK .TEST PAGE 9;.BLANK 3
10-7
FORMATTING TEXT FILES USING RUNOFF
followed by the section number. HEADER LEVELs 1 and 2 end with a
.BREAK. HEADER LEVELS 3, 4, and 5 end with a space dash space
combination (#-#).
10-8
CHAPTER 11
SETTING SEARCH LISTS USING SETSRC
Function
You can use the SETSRC program to change your job search list or the
system search list. You must be logged in under [1,2] to create a new
system search list. A search list is the order of the file structures
that are to be searched whenever you implicitly or explicitly specify
the generic device DSK:. The system manager originally defines the
search list to include the file structures that you can access. With
the SETSRC program, you can alter the search list by adding or
deleting file structures.
The search list is of the form:
fs1:, fs2:, fs3:, FENCE, fs4:
where: fs is the name of the file structure.
The file structures on the left of the FENCE form the active search
list and represent the generic device DSK: for your job. The active
search list is a list of the file structures that the monitor
searches, and the order in which the file structures are to be
searched. The search goes from left to right.
The files to the right of the FENCE compose the passive search list
and represent the file structures that were once in the active search
list. File structures are kept in the passive search list so that
quotas can be checked on a DISMOUNT or KJOB command; these structures
are not searched. The FENCE is the boundary between the active and
passive search lists.
You can change the job's search list by adding or deleting file
structures, using the MOUNT and DISMOUNT commands. Because the SETSRC
program does not create a UFD if one does not exist, use the MOUNT
command to create a UFD. Refer to the TOPS-10 Operating System
Commands Manual for a description of the MOUNT and DISMOUNT commands.
11-1
SETTING SEARCH LISTS USING SETSRC
Format
R SETSRC
*command/switch
When the program prompt (*) appears, you can respond with any of the
following commands:
Command Function
A fs1, fs2,... Adds one or more file structures to the existing
active search list. The file structures (with any
switches) are appended to the beginning or the end
of the active search list according to the
following specifications:
o If no asterisk appears in the specifications
(for example, fs1, fs2) or if an asterisk
appears before the file structure names (for
example, *,fs1, fs2), the file structures are
added to the end of the search list.
o If an asterisk follows the file structure
names (for example, fs1, fs2, *,), the file
structures are added to the beginning of the
search list.
o If the asterisk appears in the middle of the
file structures (for example, fs1, *, fs2),
the file structures before the asterisk are
added to the beginning of the search list and
the file structures after the asterisk are
added to the end.
C fs1,fs2,... Creates a new search list for this job. Any file
structures in the current search list that are not
in the new list are moved to the passive search
list.
CP[dir] Creates a new default directory path. You must
specify the new path with this command.
CS fs1,fs2,... Creates a new system search list (that is, the
file structure search list for device SYS:). You
must be logged in under [1,2] to use this command.
H Prints information (HELP) about the available
commands.
M/switch Modifies the current search list and DSK:
specification by altering the switch settings for
individual file structures. This command does not
11-2
SETTING SEARCH LISTS USING SETSRC
add or remove file structures from the search
list.
R fs1,fs2,... Removes file structures from the search list.
They are placed into the passive search list, so
that on subsequent LOGOUTs or DISMOUNTs, quota
limits can be checked. This command does not
affect ersatz devices.
T Prints the job search list.
TP Prints the default directory path.
TS Prints the system search list.
You can use the following switches in the SETSRC command string.
Switches that modify file structures must appear immediately after the
file structure name that they modify. Other switches can appear
anywhere in the command string. The switches can be abbreviated as
long as the abbreviation is unique.
Switch Function
/CREATE Allows new files to be created on the file
structure. This is the default.
/LIB:[proj,prog] Used with the C or M command only, /LIB sets the
job's library directory to the UFD [proj,prog] and
adds it to your DSK: specification. This means
that if a file is not found in your directories in
your search list, the library directory will then
be searched for the file. If you only type
LIB:[PPN] to SETSRC, it interprets this as M/LIB.
/NEW Adds the directory [1,5] to your SYS:
specification. This means that when the system
directory is searched, the directory [1,5] will be
searched before the directory [1,4]. This switch
can be typed in directly as a command by omitting
the C or M command and the slash (NEW is
equivalent to M/NEW).
/NOCREATE Does not allow new files to be created on the file
structure when you specify DSK:, but allows files
to be superseded. Files can be created on the
file structure if you specify the file structure
name explicitly. You may specify this switch as
/N.
/NOLIB Removes the library directory from your DSK:
specification. This switch is only valid with the
C or M command.
11-3
SETTING SEARCH LISTS USING SETSRC
/NONEW Removes the [1,5] directory from your SYS:
specification. This switch is only valid with the
C or M command.
/NOSCAN Cancels the scan switch for the directory path.
You can use this switch only with the CP command.
If you type NOSCAN at the prompt, SETSRC
interprets it as CP[dir]/NOSCAN.
/NOSYS Removes the SYS: specification from your DSK:
specification. This switch is only valid with the
C or M command.
/NOWRITE Does not allow writing on the file structure for
this job (that is, the file structure is
read-only). You may specify this switch as /R.
/SCAN Sets the scan switch for the directory path. When
you search for a file, scanning allows the search
to include higher-level SFDs and the UFD. You can
use this switch only with the CP command. If you
type SCAN at the prompt, SETSRC interprets it as
CP[dir]/SCAN.
/SYS Adds the SYS: specification to your DSK:
specification. If a file cannot be found in your
directories in your search list or in your library
directory (if /LIB:[proj,prog] has been
specified), the system directory [1,4] will then
be searched for the file. This switch can be
typed in directly as a command by omitting the C
or M command and the slash. For example, SYS is
equivalent to M/SYS.
/WRITE Allows writing on the file structure. This is the
default.
Characteristics
The SETSRC program:
Places your terminal at user level.
Destroys your core image.
Example
Your search list is defined as DSKB:.
.R SETSRC<RET>
11-4
SETTING SEARCH LISTS USING SETSRC
*T<RET>
*DSKB:, FENCE
Add DSKA: to the end of the search list.
*A DSKA:<RET>
Your search list is now defined as DSKB:,DSKA:.
*T<RET>
DSKB:,DSKA:,FENCE
Add DSKC: to the beginning of the search list.
*A DSKC:,*<RET>
*T<RET>
DSKC:,DSKB:,DSKA:,FENCE
Remove DSKA: from the search list.
*R DSKA:<RET>
*T<RET>
DSKC:,DSKB:,FENCE,DSKA:
Disable writing on DSKB:.
*M DSKB:/NOWRITE<RET>
Set your library directory to [27,500] and add it to your DSK:
specification.
*M/LIB:[27,500]<RET>
Add SYS: to your search list.
*SYS<RET>
*T<RET>
/LIB:[27,500]/SYS DSKC:,DSKB:/NOWRITE,FENCE,DSKA:
Your DSK: and SYS: specifications are listed first, followed by your
search list.
*TS<RET>
The system search list is defined as DSKA:,DSKB:,DSKC:.
*DSKA:,DSKB:,DSKC:
11-5
SETTING SEARCH LISTS USING SETSRC
.
11-6
CHAPTER 12
DISPLAYING SYSTEM STATISTICS USING SYSDPY
Function
The SYSDPY program allows you to display system status and the status
of network links and user jobs, formatted for your particular type of
terminal. SYSDPY features a display-oriented output format with many
commands for controlling the types of information to include in the
display.
When you first start the SYSDPY program, it displays the status of the
user jobs and the system statistics. It is ready to receive user
commands at any time. Your commands are not echoed on the screen, but
are reflected in the changes in the display.
Format
To start the SYSDPY program, type the R command followed by the
special version of SYSDPY that is designed for your type of terminal.
The different versions of SYSDPY and the terminal types for which they
are designed are:
Version Terminal
SYSDPA DIGITAL VT05A
SYSDPB DIGITAL VT05B (2400 baud)
SYSDPY DIGITAL VT06 (Datapoint 3300)
SYSVBX DIGITAL VB10C graphics display
SYSV50 DIGITAL VT50
SYSV52 DIGITAL VT52
SYSV61 DIGITAL VT61
SYSANS DIGITAL VT100 or other ANSI terminal
SYSDLT Delta Data Telterm
SYSHLZ Hazeltine 2000
Any unprivileged user can run SYSDPY, but the output of certain system
statistics is restricted to privileged jobs only. If you are logged
in as [1,2], or your job has SPY privileges, you can use all available
12-1
DISPLAYING SYSTEM STATISTICS USING SYSDPY
SYSDPY commands.
When SYSDPY first starts running, it displays the normal job and
system status (equivalent to the N command). At any time, you can
type any of the one-letter commands described below, which change
either the type of information displayed, or allow you to control the
display of information. The file DOC:SYSDPY.MAN contains a full
description of the information in the various displays. You do not
need to press RETURN after you type a SYSDPY command. To exit from
SYSDPY, type <CTRL/Z> or <CTRL/C>.
If you need help, type H. This prints a short listing of available
commands.
Commands to SYSDPY are:
A Changes SYSDPY's normal scroll setting to no-scroll. SYSDPY
usually scrolls through the display, advancing one screenful
each update pass. (Refer to the + and - commands.)
C Displays the DECnet link status for all open links on the
system.
E Displays Ethernet status. This includes all Ethernet
channels, all KLNI controllers, and enabled protocol types.
The E command summarizes datagram traffic and the free queue
errors.
F Lists file system statistics for each disk unit in the system.
This information includes I/O counts, error summaries,
structure membership, and a summary of swapping units.
H Lists the help text.
I Lists incremental statistics, which are changes in certain
values since the last update cycle. The values incremented
are: system uptime, job runtimes, disk reads and writes, CPU
statistics, network I/O (byte) counts, TTY I/O counts, and
network message counts. A + (plus sign) immediately preceding
the uptime value indicates incremental mode.
J Lists jobs only, without any system statistics. The jobs are
listed in columns.
K Displays CI network information, including open paths to nodes
on the CI network, packet transmission and reception counts,
and port recoverable error counts.
L Writes the contents of the screen to the file
LPT:SYSDPY.LOG[-]. SYSDPY logs the screen each time it is
updated. If this log file already exists, SYSDPY appends the
new data to it. A form feed separates each screen. Typing
12-2
DISPLAYING SYSTEM STATISTICS USING SYSDPY
<CTRL/Z> to SYSDPY closes the file.
M Lists normal job data and an expanded memory summary showing
both virtual and physical job memory usage. The M job display
does not show system statistics.
N Lists the default statistics, which include a column of job
status information, and a column of system status information.
Some of the system statistics listed are CPU idle and lost
time, and available disk structures.
O Suppresses statistics from [1,2] jobs for the J, N, and M
displays. A second O command resumes display of [1,2] jobs.
Q Lists the system queues, just as the QUEUE program does, but
in DPY mode. This command requires GALAXY Version 4 or later.
R Refreshes the entire screen immediately. SYSDPY automatically
refreshes the screen at various intervals, depending on the
terminal in use. The R command resets the automatic refresh
counter.
S Changes the SYSDPY display from the default to the disk reads,
disk writes, and the user name for all jobs listed in the N
display. SYSDPY resumes displaying system statistics when you
type the S command a second time.
T Displays ANF network topology and the NCL numbers associated
with each node. This display requires PEEK or SPY privileges.
V Attempts to lock SYSDPY in memory and run it in a high
priority run queue (HPQ). In addition, SYSDPY updates the
screen once per second, unless you previously set the update
time to another value (using the W command). A second V
command clears the lock and HPQ setting, and restores the
update time to ten seconds. If you issued a SET HPQ command
before running SYSDPY, the V command locks the job, but
doesn't change the HPQ.
SYSDPY automatically clears the V state after 1000 update
cycles, or if you issue a Q command. The system does not
issue an error message if SYSDPY fails to lock or run in HPQ.
This command requires LOCK or HPQ privileges.
nW Sets the wait time between screen updates to n seconds. The
default update time is ten seconds, and one second for the V
display. You may specify n as any number between 0 and 60.
Zero means one clock tick. If you do not specify a time,
SYSDPY assumes the default wait time of ten seconds.
Z Lists all known LAT servers and some LAT traffic statistics.
12-3
DISPLAYING SYSTEM STATISTICS USING SYSDPY
\ Displays ANF network statistics. This information includes
the number of network messages sent and received according to
message type (such as DATA or NEIGHBORS), a histogram of the
data messages sent and received as a function (log base 2) of
the data message size, and network free core usage.
* Displays the DECnet node status for all nodes in the DECnet
network. Use the A command to change the display from all
network nodes to just those nodes with active links. Use the
^ command (described below) to change the display from all
known nodes to only those nodes with which the local node has
had contact.
n+ Advances the screen by n lines or n jobs, depending on the
current display. If you do not specify n, SYSDPY advances one
screen. When you type the + command, you clear auto-scroll
(refer to the A command).
n- Scrolls the screen backwards by n lines or jobs, depending on
the current display. If you do not specify n, SYSDPY reverses
one screen. When you type the - command, you clear
auto-scroll (refer to the A command).
! Displays idle jobs or DECnet nodes, depending on the current
display. Typing the ! command again stops display of idle
jobs or nodes.
# Changes the listing in the "Where" column of the job display
from the PTY number to the controlling job number of a job
being controlled by another job.
% Changes the listing in the "Runtime" column of the job display
from the actual runtime to the percentage of the CPU that the
runtime represents.
^ Eliminates certain statistics from the display. For the N
display, the first part of the system statistics are
eliminated, for a DECnet display, non-valid delay time nodes
are not shown, and for the F display, error summary
information is not included.
<ESC> Freezes the current screen until you type another command.
SPACE Updates the screen display immediately, but does not change
any SYSDPY parameters.
Characteristics
The SYSDPY program:
Destroys your core image.
12-4
DISPLAYING SYSTEM STATISTICS USING SYSDPY
Requires LOGIN.
Places your terminal at user level.
Example
Run SYSDPY on a VT100 terminal to examine job and system statistics.
SYSDPY continually scrolls through this information; you can type a
command at any time to alter the display.
.R SYSANS<RET>
Job Who Where What #P State Runtime This is RL417A DEC10 Development
1 [OPR] D156 STOMPR 26 SL 00:01.81 08-Mar-90 12:08:01 UP:30:53:43
2 [OPR] D156 QUASAR 118 HS V 02:52.16 ID OV LS UPTIME CTX UUO DBL CSH
3 [OPR] D156 ACTDAE 106 HS V 02:06.93 CPU0 80 22 0 30:53:43 3 24 2 1
4 [OPR] CTY OPR 66 HB V 00:03.46 CPU1 86 9 0 30:53:45 3 24 3 2
5 [OPR] D156 NML 34 HB V 05:35.66 CPU2 88 9 0 30:53:39 2 10 3 1
6 [OPR] D156 ORION 77 HS V 00:15.91 DSKI DSKO SWPI SWPO MTAI MTAO
7 [OPR] D156 NEBULA 66 HB V 00:01.60 CPU0 3 1 0 0 0 0
8 [OPR] D156 CATLOG 127 HB V 00:00.76 CPU1 10 0 0 0 0 20
9 10,56 75 SPACE 10 ^C 07:00.91 CPU2 4 0 0 0 0 0
10 [OPR] D156 FAL-10 187 HS 01:56.21 ANF In:0 Out:1 Cor:2170
11 [OPR] D156 MX 108 HB V 03:19.28 DCN In:3103 Out:33 Blk:6/80=8%
12 10,6030 74 MS 174 ^C 00:48.91 ETH In:4315 Out:116 Dgm:71/1
13 [SELF] J27 SYSANS 25 RN+ 00:01.00 TTY In:0 Out:30 Cnk:548/1072=51%
14 [OPR] D156 MIC 22 HS 00:11.43 IPCF S:10 Out:0 W/P:23/6
15 30,6014 77 4 ^C 00:20.90 Mem:1000/6726 Shr:352 JRN:1/1/18
16 [OPR] 30 SYSTAT 25 ^C 00:07.83 Use:1292/1944 Swp:652/99664 ASR:.00
17 [OPR] 100 DIRECT 52 ^C 00:07.25 FRU:9604/25632=37.46%
18 30,5674 102 MS 166 ^C 01:02.55 HDE:2 POK:12/22
19 10,115 D100 CALNDR 24 ^C 00:02.21 Job:28/100 Det:16
20 [OPR] D156 FILDAE 21 SL 00:48.43 Struc Mnt Free Struc Mnt Free
21 [OPR] D156 DAEMON 11 HB+ 00:05.96 1026 0 272220 DSKS 1 78250
22 10,2100 105 DC 5 ^C 00:43.01 DSKD 0 97540 GENL 0 177610
23 [OPR] D156 DTELDR 19 HS 02:46.96 DSKP 3 266500 DSKN 3 525250
12-5
DISPLAYING SYSTEM STATISTICS USING SYSDPY
Now type the E command to SYSDPY to examine Ethernet status. When you
type the command, it does not echo on your terminal.
E
Ethernet Status of RL226A DEC10 Development dd-mmm-yy hh:mm:ss UP:05:00:46
Chan/Kont State E-Net Address DgmXmt DgmRcv
ETH-0 Online AA-00-04-00-6E-1C 35048 107327
NI-0 Online AA-00-03-03-00-22 34395 100269
NI-1 Online AA-00-03-03-00-13 653 7058
Protocol State Kont User DgmXmt DgmRcv FQE
60-04 LAT Online NI-0 System 34365 97026 5
90-00 Loopback Online NI-0 System 0 2 0
60-02 RmtCon Online NI-0 System 30 3239 0
-Inf- Online Job 17 Ctx 1 0 0 0
60-01 DNA/MOP Online NI-0 Job 17 Ctx 1 0 2 0
60-03 DECnet Online NI-1 System 653 7058 3
-Inf- Online Job 23 Ctx 1 0 0 0
Exit from SYSDPY by typing <CTRL/Z>.
12-6
12-7
INDEX
-A- Directories, 2-1
Directory paths, 11-2
Accessing tapes, 1-1 Disks, 9-1
Action commands, 1-1 Displaying system statistics,
runtime commands, 1-3 12-1
switches, 1-2
Active search list, 11-1 -E-
ANF network topology, 12-3
ASCII source file comparison, 4-3 Ersatz devices, 2-1
Assembly listing, 3-1 Ethernet, 12-2
AUTO files, 7-1
-F-
-B-
FENCE, 11-1
Backing up files, 1-1 FILCOM
BACKUP examples, 4-6
examples, 1-8 program, 4-1
prompts, 1-3 File Access Listener (FAL), 6-1
Baud rate, 6-3 File transfer, 6-1
Binary Flags in GLOB output, 5-3
file comparison, 4-2
files, 5-1 -G-
mode, 6-4
transfer modes, 8-3 GLOB
example, 5-4
-C- program, 5-1
Global symbols, 5-1
Changing directory paths, 11-2
CI network information, 12-2 -H-
Commands
to NFT, 6-1 High-segment files, 4-3
to OPSER, 7-1
to RUNOFF, 10-1 -L-
to SETSRC, 11-2
to SYSDPY, 12-2 Listing global symbols, 5-1
Comparing files, 4-1 Local file transfer, 8-1
Compressed core image files, 4-3 Logged-in quota, 2-2
Creating directories, 2-1 Logged-out quota, 2-2
CREDIR
examples, 2-3
switches, 2-1 -M-
Cross-referenced listings, 3-1
MACRO label, 4-4
-D-
Data Access Protocol (DAP), 6-1 -N-
DECnet, 6-1, 12-2
Defaults for GLOB, 5-2 Network File Transfer, 6-1
Index-1
-O- -S-
OPSER program, 7-1 Search lists, 2-1, 11-1
Output Spooled output, 3-1
from FILCOM, 4-5 Status-setting commands, 1-4
from GLOB, 5-3 Sub-file directories (SFDs), 2-1
SWITCH.INI file, 2-2
-P- Symbol tables, 5-1
SYSDPY versions, 12-1
Passive search list, 11-1 System status, 12-1
Pseudo-terminals (PTYs), 7-1
-T-
-Q-
Tape positioning, 1-7
QUOLST program, 9-1 Text formatting, 10-1
-R- -U-
Relocatable symbols, 5-3 User id, 6-5
Restoring files, 1-1 User-file directories (UFDs), 2-1,
Running subjobs, 7-1 11-1
Index-2