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CREATE command
The CREATE command invokes your defined editor to create a file.
Format
@CREATE (FILE) /switch(es) filespec
where:
switches are keywords, chosen from the list below, indicating
your choice of CREATE command options.
Defaults are shown in the list of switches
filespec is a specification for the file you want to create.
Default - the last file specification and
associated switches you gave in a
CREATE or EDIT command during the
current terminal session
Summary of CREATE Command Switches (defaults in boldface)
NOTE
These switches are valid only if you have defined
logical name EDITOR: to be the EDIT program.
/BAK
/C128
/C64
/DECIDE
/DPY
/EXPERT
/INCREMENT:n Default n - 100
/ISAVE:n
/LOWER
/M33
/M37
/NOBAK
/NODECIDE
/NONSEPARATORS
/NONUMBER
/NOVICE
/NUMBER
/OLD
/OPTION:name
/PLINES:n Default n - 16
/R
/READONLY
/RONLY
/RUN:filespec Default file type - .EXE
/SAVE:n
/SEPARATORS
/SEQUENCE
/START:n Default n - argument of /INCREMENT switch
/STEP:n Default n - 100
/UNSEQUENCE
/UPPER
/WINDOW:n Default n - 10
CREATE Command Switches
/BAK causes an unedited copy of the file to be saved
at the end of an editing session under
specification name.Qyp, where name.typ is the
file's original specification.
Default
/C128 calls for a 128-character alphabet, allowing
insertion of control characters in an alternate
format. See the TOPS-20 EDIT Reference Manual
for details.
/C64 calls for a 64-character alphabet, disallowing
use of an alternate format for insertion of
control characters.
Default
/DECIDE lets you decide whether to accept or reject each
change caused by the operation of the S
(substitute) command of the EDIT program.
/DPY has no effect in the current monitor.
/EXPERT tells the EDIT program that you need only
abbreviated error messages, and fewer warnings
and reminders.
/INCREMENT:n specifies the value to add to each line number
of the file to obtain the next line number.
Default n - 100
/ISAVE:n instructs the EDIT program to update the backup
file of specification name.Qyp after every n
lines you insert.
/LOWER specifies that all alphabetic characters you
type should be considered lowercase characters;
give uppercase characters by preceding the
corresponding lowercase character with a single
quotation mark (').
/M33 has no effect in the current monitor.
/M37 has no effect in the current monitor.
/NOBAK prevents an unedited copy of the file from being
saved at the end of an editing session under
specification name.Qyp, where name.typ is the
file's original specification.
/NODECIDE ensures the automatic operation of the S
(substitute) command of the EDIT program.
Default
/NONSEPARATORS specifies that the characters . (period), $
(dollar sign), and % (percent sign) are ordinary
textual characters and not field delimiters
(separators) in the accompanying file.
Default
/NONUMBER suppresses the printing of line numbers with
each line of a file.
/NOVICE tells the EDIT program that you want to see
complete error messages and all appropriate
warnings; opposite of /EXPERT switch.
Default
/NUMBER prints a line number for each line of the file.
Default
/OLD causes the first backup file to be saved under
the specification name.Zyp, where name.typ is
the file's original specification.
/OPTION:name sets any EDIT switches contained in lines of the
SWITCH.INI file in your log-in directory labeled
with name (of 6 or fewer characters). See the
TOPS-20 EDIT Reference Manual for more
information about SWITCH.INI files.
/PLINES:n specifies how many lines to print in response
to each P (print) command of the EDIT program.
Default n - 16
/R same as /READONLY.
/READONLY prevents any changes to the file during the
current session of the EDIT program, i.e., makes
it a read-only session. This switch cannot be
given in the SWITCH.INI file.
/RONLY same as /READONLY
/RUN:filespec specifies an executable program to be run when
you end the current session of the EDIT program
with the G command.
Default file type - .EXE
/SAVE:n instructs the EDIT program to update the backup
file (of specification name.Qyp) after every n
EDIT program commands that modify the file.
/SEPARATORS notifies the EDIT program that the characters .
(period), $ (dollar sign), and % (percent sign),
are not ordinary textual characters but are
field separators in the accompanying file.
/SEQUENCE tells the EDIT program not to strip the line
numbers from the file when the EDIT session
ends.
Default
/START:n specifies the first line number for the EDIT
program to use when numbering the file.
Default n - argument of /INCREMENT switch
/STEP:n same as /INCREMENT
/UNSEQUENCE tells the EDIT program to strip the line numbers
from the file when the EDIT session ends.
/UPPER specifies that all alphabetic characters you
type should be considered uppercase characters;
give lowercase characters by preceding the
corresponding uppercase character with a single
quotation mark (').
Default
/WINDOW:n specifies the number n (between 10 and 99) of
pages to be held in memory during the EDIT
session.
Default n - 10
Characteristics
Input Mode and Edit Mode
The CREATE command runs the EDIT system program, first in
Input mode and then in Edit mode. (However, see also
Special Cases, below.) Input mode automatically begins each
line with a line number (unless you have given the /NONUMBER
switch), and allows you to put any alphabetic or numeric
information into the file. When you have finished doing
this and press the ESCAPE key, the EDIT program puts you
into Edit mode and prompts you with an asterisk (*), just as
if you had typed the EDIT command with the specifications of
the newly-created file as argument. If you want to save the
file in its present state, give the E (for end) command to
the EDIT program. Otherwise, you can give any other EDIT
command to change or add to the file before saving it.
Hints
Saving Backup Files Periodically
Give the /ISAVE:n switch to save an updated copy of the file
you are creating after every n lines inserted. Then you
will lose only a few lines of input in the event of a system
failure. The similar /SAVE:n switch is useful for the
CREATE command only in Edit mode, where it saves an updated
copy of the file after every n EDIT program commands that
modify the file.
SWITCH.INI File
If there is a group of CREATE command switches that you
always or often use with CREATE or EDIT commands, put them
into a file of specification SWITCH.INI in your log-in
directory, in a line of that file beginning with EDIT:abc,
where abc is any set of characters you choose to identify
the line. Then if you include the single switch /OPTION:abc
when you give a CREATE or EDIT command, all these switches
will be in effect.
Further Information
For more information about the EDIT program, see the TOPS-20
EDIT Reference Manual.
Special Cases
Using an Editor Other than EDIT
The CREATE, EDIT, and PERUSE command descriptions in this
manual assume that these commands call on the EDIT program
for their action. If your job uses another editing program,
for example EDT, the switches and examples shown here will
not be applicable.
The editor used by CREATE, EDIT, and PERUSE is specified by
logical name EDITOR:, so you can find out the name of this
program by giving the command, INFORMATION LOGICAL-NAMES
EDITOR:. The job-wide definition (if any) will be given
first, followed by the system-wide definition; the job-wide
definition prevails if both exist. If the definition of
EDITOR: is SYS:EDIT.EXE, the CREATE, EDIT and PERUSE
commands will function as described in this manual.
Otherwise, you must consult the appropriate manual (for
example, the EDT-20 Reference Manual) for information.
You can use the DEFINE command to define logical name
EDITOR: to be any editing program available at your
installation. Then this editor will be in effect when you
give the CREATE or EDIT command.
Effect on Memory
The CREATE command clears any unkept forks from memory, then
loads the editor program defined by the logical name EDITOR.
Related Commands
DIRECTORY-class commands for getting lists of existing files
EDIT for modifying existing files
PERUSE for reading existing files (same as
EDIT/READONLY)
Examples
1. Create a file.
@CREATE FILE1.TXT
Input: FILE1.TXT.1
00100 !THIS IS A SHORT TEXT FILE.
00200 $
*E
[FILE.TXT.1]
2. Create and edit (using the P and R commands to the EDIT
system program) another file.
@CREATE FILEB.TXT
Input:FILEB.TXT.1
00100 !THIS IS ANOTHER SHORT TEXT FILE.
00200 $
*P
00100 !THIS IS ANOTHER SHORT TEXT FILE.
*R100
00100 !THIS IS A SECOND TEXT FILE.
00200 $
1 Lines (00100/1) deleted
*P
00100 !THIS IS A SECOND TEXT FILE.
*E
[FILEB.TXT.1]
3. Create, then execute, a FORTRAN program.
@CREATE FILEE.FOR
Input: FILEE.FOR.1
00100 C THIS IS A SHORT TEST PROGRAM.
00200 TYPE 101
00300 101 FORMAT ( ' THIS IS ONLY A FORTRAN TEST.')
00400 END
00500
*E
[FILEE.FOR.1]
@EXECUTE FILEE.FOR
FORTRAN: FILEE
MAIN.
LINK: Loading
[LNKXCT FILEE Execution]
THIS IS ONLY A FORTRAN TEST.
END OF EXECUTION.
CPU TIME: 0.04 ELAPSED TIME: 0.44
EXIT