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Trailing-Edge - PDP-10 Archives - BB-BT99T-BB_1990 - 10,7/system/debug.hlp
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DEBUG Command

Function

     The DEBUG command compiles the specified source files, loads  the
     resulting  .REL  files  (if  necessary),  and prepares the loaded
     program for debugging.  A  system  debugging  program  is  loaded
     first,  followed  by your program, including local symbols.  Upon
     completion of  loading,  the  system  transfers  control  to  the
     debugging program.

     The debugging program that is used depends on the first  file  in
     the  command string.  If this file is a COBOL source file, COBDDT
     (the COBOL debugging program) is used.  If the file is a  FORTRAN
     source file, FORDDT is used.

     Generally, a program debugged with  the  DEBUG  command  requires
     more  core  to  execute  than  the same program compiled with the
     EXECUTE  command  requires.   Extra  space  is  occupied  by  the
     debugging  program  and additional debugging information, such as
     local symbols.

     Each time the system executes a COMPILE, LOAD, EXECUTE, or  DEBUG
     command,  the  system  stores the command argument in a temporary
     file.  When you issue one of these  commands  without  arguments,
     the  system  uses  the  arguments  stored  in the temporary file.
     EXECUTE runs the COMPIL program before it  runs  the  appropriate
     compiler and debugger.

Format

     DEBUG file-spec

     Where:    file-spec is a single file specification or a string of
               file specifications, separated by commas.

     The following switches can be used to modify the command string:

         *Switch                        Function*

     /ALGOL              Compiles the file with  ALGOL.   Assumed  for
                         files with the extension of .ALG.

     /BIN                Generates  a  binary  file  for   each   file
                         compiled.   The  file extension of the output
                         file is .REL.  This is the default action.

     /BLISS              Compiles the file with BLISS-10.  Assumed for
                         files with the extension of .B10 and .BLI.

     /C68                Runs the specified COBOL version.
     /C74

     /COBOL              Compiles the file with  COBOL.   Assumed  for
                         files with the extension of .CBL.

     /COMPILE            Forces a compilation of this file even  if  a
                         binary file exists with a newer date and time
                         than the source file.  This switch causes  an
                         extra compilation, because compilation is not
                         normally performed  if  the  binary  file  is
                         newer than the source file.

     /CREF               Produces a cross-referenced listing  file  on
                         the  disk  for  each  file compiled for later
                         processing by the  CREF  program.   The  file
                         extension  of  the  output file is .CRF.  The
                         file  can  then  be  listed  with  the   CREF
                         command.   However,  with  COBOL  files,  the
                         cross-referenced listing is  always  appended
                         to the listing file.  You must issue the CREF
                         command to obtain the listing.

     /DDT                Loads DDT and disregards the extension of the
                         first  file  in  the  command  string.   This
                         switch applies to all subsequent files.

     /DEBUG:             Passes  the  specified  arguments to FORTRAN.
      (arg, arg,...)     Refer to the TOPS-10/TOPS-20 FORTRAN Language
                         Manual.

     /DLIST              Creates a .LST file in your disk  area.   You
                         can  list  the  file on the line printer with
                         the PRINT command.

     /F10                Obsolete
     /F40

     /F66                Applies FORTRAN-66 rules  for  DO  loops  and
                         EXTERNAL statements.

     /FOROTS             Obsolete
     /FORSE

     /FORTRAN            Compiles the file with  a  FORTRAN  compiler.
                         Assumed  for files with the extension .F4 and
                         .FOR  and  all  files   with   unrecognizable
                         compiler   extensions,   if  FORTRAN  is  the
                         standard compiler.  This switch is  necessary
                         if  the  file  has  a unrecognizable compiler
                         extension and FORTRAN  is  not  the  standard
                         compiler or is not the current default.

     /FUDGE:file         Creates a disk file containing the  names  of
                         the   .REL  files  produced  by  the  command
                         string.  When the FUDGE switch is given,  PIP
                         reads  this  file  to generate a library .REL
                         file.  For more information on FUDGE, see the
                         help file FUDGE.  The argument to this switch
                         is a valid file specification,  described  in
                         the help file FISPEC.

     /GFLOAT             Indicates that double-precision  numbers  are
                         to  be  stored  in  G-floating  format.  This
                         format has an extended exponent range.   This
                         option is available on KL10 processors only.

     /K?10               Designates the processor  where  the  program
                         will execute after it has been loaded.  These
                         switches   are   necessary   for   FORTRAN-10
                         programs   because   the  compiler  generates
                         different  codes  for  different  processors.
                         The  default  is  the  processor  where  your
                         program is running.  The ?  can  be  replaced
                         by L or S.

     /LIBRARY            Loads the file in library search mode.   This
                         mode  causes  a  program  file  in  a special
                         library to be loaded only if one or  more  of
                         its   declared  entry  symbols  satisfies  an
                         undefined global request in the source  file.
                         The  system  libraries  are  always searched.
                         (See the LINK documentation.) /LIBRARY is the
                         same as /SEARCH.

     /LINK               Obsolete

     /LIST               Generates a disk listing file for  each  file
                         compiled.   The  file extension of the output
                         file is .LST.   These  files  can  be  listed
                         later  with  the  PRINT command.  If the line
                         printer is being spooled for  this  job,  the
                         listing files are written on device LPT:  and
                         are automatically spooled when you log out.

     /LMAP               Produces a  loader  map  during  the  loading
                         process that contains the local symbols.

     /LOADER             Obsolete

     /MACRO              Assembles the file with MACRO.   Assumed  for
                         files with the .MAC extension.

     /MACY11             Assembles the file with MACY11.  Assumed  for
                         files  with  the .P11 extension.  This switch
                         is not supported.

     /MANTIS             Compiles the file with the  MANTIS  debugging
                         information.   This switch affects FORTRAN-40
                         programs only.  This switch is not supported.

     /MAP:file           Produces a loader map  during  loading.   The
                         file  name  can be specified.  If the file is
                         not specified, the default is MAP.MAP.

     /NEW                Runs the appropriate language  compiler  from
                         the experimental system library (device NEW:)
                         area [1,5].  If the compiler does  not  exist
                         on  device  NEW:,  COMPIL  tries to obtain it
                         from device SYS:.

     /NOBIN              Does not generate binary files.  Binary files
                         are  generated  unless  you give this switch.
                         This switch, when combined with the /LIST  or
                         /CREF   switch,   is  useful  when  compiling
                         programs solely for the purpose of generating
                         a listing.

     /NOCOMPILE          Complement  to  the  /COMPILE  switch,   this
                         switch  does  not  force  a  compilation on a
                         source file whose date is not  as  recent  as
                         the  date  on  the  binary file.  This switch
                         differs from the  /REL  switch,  in  that  it
                         turns off all compilation, even if the source
                         file is newer than the .REL file.  /NOCOMPILE
                         is the default action.

     /NODEBUG            Does not pass arguments that were  previously
                         specified to FORTRAN.

     /NOLIST             Does not generate listing files.  This is the
                         default action.

     /NOMANTIS           Compiles  the   file   without   the   MANTIS
                         debugging  information.   This switch affects
                         FORTRAN-40 programs only.  This switch is not
                         supported.

     /NOOPTIMIZE         Does not optimize the object source code  for
                         FORTRAN programs.

     /NOSEARCH           Loads all routines of the  file  whether  the
                         routines are referenced or not.  Because this
                         is the default action, this  switch  is  used
                         only   to   turn   off  library  search  mode
                         (/LIBRARY).   The  /NOSEARCH  default  is  to
                         search the system libraries.

     /OLD                Runs the appropriate language  compiler  from
                         the  system  library  of old programs (device
                         OLD:), which resides on disk area [1,3].   If
                         the  compiler  does not exist on device OLD:,
                         COMPIL tries to obtain it from device SYS:.

     /OPTIMIZE           Optimizes the object source code for  FORTRAN
                         programs.

     /PAL10              Assembles the file with PAL10.   Assumed  for
                         files with the .PAL extension.

     /PASCAL             Compiles the file with Pascal.   Assumed  for
                         files with the .PAS extension.

     /REL                Uses the existing .REL files  although  newer
                         source files might be present.

     /SAVE               Saves the core image of the loaded program.

     /SEARCH             Loads the files in library search mode.   The
                         action  is  identical to that of the /LIBRARY
                         switch.

     /SELF               Runs the appropriate language  compiler  from
                         device  DSK:   instead  of  from  the  system
                         library (device SYS:).  This switch is useful
                         if  you  keep a private copy of a compiler in
                         your own disk area.

     /SNOBOL             Compiles the file with SNOBOL.   Assumed  for
                         files  with  the .SNO extension.  This switch
                         is not supported.

     /SSAVE              Saves the core image of the loaded program in
                         a sharable executable file.

     /SYS                Runs the appropriate language processor  from
                         the  system  library  (device  SYS:)  area of
                         [1,4].  This is the default action.
Restriction

     A language processor appearing more than  once  within  a  single
     command  string  cannot  specify  more  than  one disk area.  For
     example, the following is invalid:

     .DEBUG MAIN.MAC/SELF,PART1.MAC/OLD

     However, the following is valid:

     .COMPILE MAIN.MAC/SELF
     .COMPILE PART1.MAC/OLD
     .DEBUG /REL MAIN,PART1

Characteristics

     Places your terminal at user level.

     Runs  the  appropriate  processor,  LINK,   and   the   debugger,
     destroying your core image.

Example

     The following example shows how the DEBUG and  DDT  commands  are
     used.   Begin  by  writing  a  simple  program  with  a  spelling
     (syntactical) error.

     .TYPE TEST.MAC<RET>
      TITLE TEST SIMPLE PROGRAM
      SEARCH MACTEN,UUOSYM

     HIMSG: ASCIZ \HI THERE - THIS IS A SIMPLE TEST PROGRAM!
     \
     TEST: JCLF
      RESET
      OUTSTR HIMSG
      MONRT.

      END TEST

     Use DEBUG to compile and load the program:

     .DEBUG TEST.MAC<RET>
     MACRO: TEST
     LINK: LOADING
     ?LNKUGS 1 UNDEFINED GLOBAL SYMBOL
      JCLF 0
     [LNKDEB DDT EXECUTION]
     DDT
     ^Z


     Loading showed that the program contained an error, which is then
     corrected  by  using  the  SOS  editor to replace "JCLF" with the
     correct "JFCL".

     .SOS TEST.MAC<RET>
     EDIT: TEST.MAC

     *SJCLF<ESC>JFCL<ESC>.<ESC><RET>
     600 TEST: JFCL
     *ES<RET>

     [DSKC:TEST.MAC]

     After correcting the file, reload the program, again using DEBUG.

     .DEBUG TEST.MAC<RET>
     MACRO: TEST
     LINK: LOADING
     [LNKDEB DDT EXECUTION]
     DDT
     ^Z

     The debugger successfully loaded  the  program;  no  errors  were
     detected.  The new TEST.REL file automatically supersedes the old
     .REL file.  Next, save the core image of the loaded program,  and
     begin execution.

     .SAVE TEST<RET>
     TEST SAVED

     .START<RET>

     HI THERE - THIS IS A SIMPLE TEST PROGRAM!

     The program ran successfully.  However, when you try to  run  the
     program  again  with the CONTINUE command, the command fails.  No
     provision has been made for rerunning the program.

     .CONTINUE<RET>

     ?ILLEGAL UUO AT USER PC 013303

     Start the debugger, using the DDT command:

     .DDT<RET>
     DDT

     13303/ 0  ^
     TEST+3/ MONRT.<LF>

     PAT. ./ O JRST TEST<RET>
     ^Z

     While running DDT, alter the core image of  the  program:   since
     the  error  was  reported  at address 13303 (octal), examine that
     address.  Then type an uparrow (^)  to  see  the  previous  line,
     which  is  the  last line of program code.  Then type a line-feed
     (<LF>) to see the next line.  "PAT.." is on the next line.  Here,
     insert the call "JRST TEST," then exit DDT.

     Next, START the program:

     .START<RET>

     HI THERE - THIS IS A SIMPLE TEST PROGRAM!

     Then CONTINUE the program.  The execution is successful.

     .CONTINUE<RET>

     HI THERE - THIS IS A SIMPLE TEST PROGRAM!

     Finally, edit the file with the changes made to the core image:

     .SOS TEST.MAC<RET>
     EDIT:TEST.MAC
     *P^:*<RET>
     100  TITLE TEST SIMPLE PROGRAM
     200  SEARCH MACTEN,UUOSYM
     300
     400 HIMSG: ASCIZ \HI THERE - THIS IS A SIMPLE TEST PROGRAM!
     500 \
     600 TEST: JFCL
     700  RESET
     800  OUTSTR HIMSG
     900  MONRT.
     1000
     1100  END   TEST
     *I950<RET>
     950  JRST TEST
     *ES<RET>
     [DSKC:TEST.MAC]


     Load the program, begin execution, and run the program again:

     .LOAD TEST.MAC<RET>
     LINK: LOADING
     EXIT

     .START<RET>

     HI THERE - THIS IS A SIMPLE TEST PROGRAM!

     .CONTINUE<RET>

     HI THERE - THIS IS A SIMPLE TEST PROGRAM!

     .

     Execution is successful.